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Zephyr 3.7.0 · Devicetree · Memory Controller · Atmel Corporation

Atmel SAM Static Memory Controller 바인딩

SAM SMC의 external static memory와 MCK-cycle timing를 정의하는 36개 property schema입니다.

Official pathbuild/dts/api/bindings/memory-controllers/atmel,sam-smc.html
Source filebuild/dts/api/bindings/memory-controllers/atmel,sam-smc.rst
Source versionZephyr 3.7.0
TranslationFull · reviewed

본문 기준: Zephyr 3.7.0 LTS3 · 이후 유지보수 패치는 별도입니다.

Part 1

요약·해설

공식 원문 495줄과 property 36행을 전수 대조해 four chip selects·signal-mode selection·encoded setup/pulse/cycle timing 제약을 보존했습니다.

Compatible

atmel,sam-smc

Vendor

Atmel Corporation

Properties

36 rows

Interface

MCK-clocked SMC + four chip selects + setup/pulse/cycle timing

Part 2

접을 수 있는 영어 원문 전체

영어 원문 전체 펼치기
원문 SHA-256 5EA1BA8BDB642219371294377D2607833C081247FF5394C56B29E603641083FD
:orphan:

.. raw:: html

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.. dtcompatible:: atmel,sam-smc
.. _dtbinding_atmel_sam_smc:

atmel,sam-smc
#############

Vendor: :ref:`Atmel Corporation <dt_vendor_atmel>`

Description
***********



.. code-block:: none

   Atmel Static Memory Controller (SMC).

   The SMC allows to interface with static-memory mapped external devices such as
   SRAM, PSRAM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, LCD Module, NOR Flash and NAND Flash.

   The SMC is clocked through the Master Clock (MCK) which is controlled by the
   Power Management Controller (PMC).

   The SMC controller can have up to 4 children defining the connected external
   memory devices. The reg property is set to the device's Chip Select.
   Device Tree example taken from the sam4_xplained board:

   &smc {
     status = "okay";
     pinctrl-0 = <&smc_default>;
     pinctrl-names = "default";

     is66wv51216dbll@0 {
       reg = <0>;

       atmel,smc-write-mode = "nwe";
       atmel,smc-read-mode = "nrd";
       atmel,smc-setup-timing = <1 1 1 1>;
       atmel,smc-pulse-timing = <6 6 6 6>;
       atmel,smc-cycle-timing = <7 7>;
     };
   };

   The above example configures a is66wv51216dbll-55 device. The device is a
   low power static RAM which uses NWE and NRD signals connected to the WE
   and OE inputs respectively. Assuming that MCK is 120MHz (cpu at full speed)
   each MCK cycle will be equivalent to 8ns. Since the memory full cycle is
   55ns, as per specification, it requires atmel,smc-cycle-timing of at least
   7 pulses (56ns). The atmel,smc-cycle-timing is composed of three parts:
   setup, pulse and hold. The setup is used to address the memory. The pulse
   is the time used to read/write. The hold is used to release memory. For the
   is66wv51216dbll-55 a minimum setup of 5ns (1 cycle) with at least 45ns
   (6 cycles) for CPU read/write and no hold time is required.
   Note: Since no hold parameter is available at SMC the atmel,smc-cycle-timing
   should have additional cycles to accommodate for hold values.

     No Hold Time:
     cycle-timing (7) = setup (1) + pulse (6) + hold (0)

     With 3 Hold Times:
     cycle-timing (10) = setup (1) + pulse (6) + hold (3)

   Finally, in order to make the memory available you will need to define new
   memory device/s in DeviceTree:

   sram1: sram@60000000 {
       compatible = "zephyr,memory-region", "mmio-sram";
       device_type = "memory";
       reg = <0x60000000 DT_SIZE_K(512)>;
       zephyr,memory-region = "SRAM1";
   };

Properties
**********

Top level properties
====================


These property descriptions apply to "atmel,sam-smc"
nodes themselves. This page also describes child node
properties in the following sections.

.. tabs::

   .. group-tab:: Node specific properties

      Properties not inherited from the base binding file.

      .. list-table::
         :widths: 1 1 4
         :header-rows: 1

         * - Name
           - Type
           - Details

         * - ``pinctrl-0``
           - ``phandles``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Pin configuration/s for the first state. Content is specific to the
                selected pin controller driver implementation.



         * - ``pinctrl-1``
           - ``phandles``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Pin configuration/s for the second state. See pinctrl-0.



         * - ``pinctrl-2``
           - ``phandles``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Pin configuration/s for the third state. See pinctrl-0.



         * - ``pinctrl-3``
           - ``phandles``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Pin configuration/s for the fourth state. See pinctrl-0.



         * - ``pinctrl-4``
           - ``phandles``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Pin configuration/s for the fifth state. See pinctrl-0.



         * - ``pinctrl-names``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Names for the provided states. The number of names needs to match the
                number of states.





   .. group-tab:: Deprecated node specific properties

      Deprecated properties not inherited from the base binding file.

      (None)

   .. group-tab:: Base properties

      Properties inherited from the base binding file, which defines
      common properties that may be set on many nodes. Not all of these
      may apply to the "atmel,sam-smc" compatible.

      .. list-table::
         :widths: 1 1 4
         :header-rows: 1

         * - Name
           - Type
           - Details

         * - ``wakeup-source``
           - ``boolean``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Property to identify that a device can be used as wake up source.

                When this property is provided a specific flag is set into the
                device that tells the system that the device is capable of
                wake up the system.

                Wake up capable devices are disabled (interruptions will not wake up
                the system) by default but they can be enabled at runtime if necessary.



         * - ``power-domain``
           - ``phandle``
           - .. code-block:: none


                Power domain the device belongs to.

                The device will be notified when the power domain it belongs to is either
                suspended or resumed.



         * - ``zephyr,pm-device-runtime-auto``
           - ``boolean``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Automatically configure the device for runtime power management after the
                init function runs.



         * - ``zephyr,disabling-power-states``
           - ``phandles``
           - .. code-block:: none

                List of power states that will disable this device power.



         * - ``status``
           - ``string``
           - .. code-block:: none

                indicates the operational status of a device


             Legal values: ``'ok'``, ``'okay'``, ``'disabled'``, ``'reserved'``, ``'fail'``, ``'fail-sss'``

             See :ref:`dt-important-props` for more information.

         * - ``compatible``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                compatible strings


             This property is **required**.

             See :ref:`dt-important-props` for more information.

         * - ``reg``
           - ``array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                register space


             This property is **required**.

             See :ref:`dt-important-props` for more information.

         * - ``reg-names``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                name of each register space


         * - ``interrupts``
           - ``array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                interrupts for device


             See :ref:`dt-important-props` for more information.

         * - ``interrupts-extended``
           - ``compound``
           - .. code-block:: none

                extended interrupt specifier for device


         * - ``interrupt-names``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                name of each interrupt


         * - ``interrupt-parent``
           - ``phandle``
           - .. code-block:: none

                phandle to interrupt controller node


         * - ``label``
           - ``string``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Human readable string describing the device (used as device_get_binding() argument)



             See :ref:`dt-important-props` for more information.

             This property is **deprecated**.

         * - ``clocks``
           - ``phandle-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Clock gate information


             This property is **required**.

         * - ``clock-names``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                name of each clock


         * - ``#address-cells``
           - ``int``
           - .. code-block:: none

                number of address cells in reg property


             This property is **required**.

             Constant value: ``1``

         * - ``#size-cells``
           - ``int``
           - .. code-block:: none

                number of size cells in reg property


             This property is **required**.

         * - ``dmas``
           - ``phandle-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                DMA channels specifiers


         * - ``dma-names``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Provided names of DMA channel specifiers


         * - ``io-channels``
           - ``phandle-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                IO channels specifiers


         * - ``io-channel-names``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Provided names of IO channel specifiers


         * - ``mboxes``
           - ``phandle-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                mailbox / IPM channels specifiers


         * - ``mbox-names``
           - ``string-array``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Provided names of mailbox / IPM channel specifiers


         * - ``zephyr,deferred-init``
           - ``boolean``
           - .. code-block:: none

                Do not initialize device automatically on boot. Device should be manually
                initialized using device_init().






Child node properties
=====================

.. list-table::
   :widths: 1 1 4
   :header-rows: 1

   * - Name
     - Type
     - Details

   * - ``reg``
     - ``int``
     - .. code-block:: none

          The device's SMC Chip Select number.
          Valid range: 0 - 3



       This property is **required**.

       See :ref:`dt-important-props` for more information.

   * - ``atmel,smc-write-mode``
     - ``string``
     - .. code-block:: none

          Select which signal is used for the write operation, either the chip
          select (ncs) or a dedicated write enable pin (nwe). The data is put
          on the bus during the pulse and hold steps of that signal.
          The internal data buffers are switched to output mode after the NCS_WR
          or NWE setup time.



       This property is **required**.

       Legal values: ``'ncs'``, ``'nwe'``

   * - ``atmel,smc-read-mode``
     - ``string``
     - .. code-block:: none

          Select which signal is used for the read operation, either the chip
          select (ncs) or a dedicated output enable pin (nrd). The data is read
          from the bus during the pulse and hold steps of that signal.



       This property is **required**.

       Legal values: ``'ncs'``, ``'nrd'``

   * - ``atmel,smc-setup-timing``
     - ``array``
     - .. code-block:: none

          This value is used to setup memory region (set address). The setup
          values is an array of the signals NWE, NCS_WR, NRD and NCS_RD
          where each value is configured in terms of MCK cycles. The SMC
          controller allows use of setups value of 0 (no delays) when
          consecutive reads/writes are used. Each value is encoded in
          6 bits where the highest bit adds an offset of 128 cycles.
          The effective value for each element is: 128 x setup[5] + setup[4:0]



       This property is **required**.

   * - ``atmel,smc-pulse-timing``
     - ``array``
     - .. code-block:: none

          This value is used to effectivelly read/write at memory region (pulse phase).
          The pulse value is an array of the signals NWE, NCS_WR, NRD and NCS_RD where
          each value is configured in terms of MCK cycles and a value of 0 is forbidden.
          Each value is encoded in 7 bits where the highest bit adds an offset of 256
          cycles. The effective value for each element is: 256 x setup[6] + setup[5:0]



       This property is **required**.

   * - ``atmel,smc-cycle-timing``
     - ``array``
     - .. code-block:: none

          SMC timing configurations in cycles for the total write and read
          length respectively.
          This value describes the entire write/read operation timing which
          is defined as: cycle = setup + pulse + hold
          Value has to be greater or equal to setup + pulse timing and
          is encoded in 9 bits where the two highest bits are multiplied
          with an offset of 256.
          Effective value for each element: 256 x cycle[8:7] + cycle[6:0]



       This property is **required**.

Part 3

한국어 전문 번역

atmel,sam-smc

Vendor: Atmel Corporation

공식 설명

Atmel Static Memory Controller (SMC).

The SMC allows to interface with static-memory mapped external devices such as
SRAM, PSRAM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, LCD Module, NOR Flash and NAND Flash.

The SMC is clocked through the Master Clock (MCK) which is controlled by the
Power Management Controller (PMC).

The SMC controller can have up to 4 children defining the connected external
memory devices. The reg property is set to the device's Chip Select.
Device Tree example taken from the sam4_xplained board:

&smc {
  status = "okay";
  pinctrl-0 = <&smc_default>;
  pinctrl-names = "default";

  is66wv51216dbll@0 {
    reg = <0>;

    atmel,smc-write-mode = "nwe";
    atmel,smc-read-mode = "nrd";
    atmel,smc-setup-timing = <1 1 1 1>;
    atmel,smc-pulse-timing = <6 6 6 6>;
    atmel,smc-cycle-timing = <7 7>;
  };
};

The above example configures a is66wv51216dbll-55 device. The device is a
low power static RAM which uses NWE and NRD signals connected to the WE
and OE inputs respectively. Assuming that MCK is 120MHz (cpu at full speed)
each MCK cycle will be equivalent to 8ns. Since the memory full cycle is
55ns, as per specification, it requires atmel,smc-cycle-timing of at least
7 pulses (56ns). The atmel,smc-cycle-timing is composed of three parts:
setup, pulse and hold. The setup is used to address the memory. The pulse
is the time used to read/write. The hold is used to release memory. For the
is66wv51216dbll-55 a minimum setup of 5ns (1 cycle) with at least 45ns
(6 cycles) for CPU read/write and no hold time is required.
Note: Since no hold parameter is available at SMC the atmel,smc-cycle-timing
should have additional cycles to accommodate for hold values.

  No Hold Time:
  cycle-timing (7) = setup (1) + pulse (6) + hold (0)

  With 3 Hold Times:
  cycle-timing (10) = setup (1) + pulse (6) + hold (3)

Finally, in order to make the memory available you will need to define new
memory device/s in DeviceTree:

sram1: sram@60000000 {
    compatible = "zephyr,memory-region", "mmio-sram";
    device_type = "memory";
    reg = <0x60000000 DT_SIZE_K(512)>;
    zephyr,memory-region = "SRAM1";
};

외부 static memory를 MCK cycle로 구동

SMC는 SRAM, PSRAM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, LCD module, NOR Flash와 NAND Flash 같은 memory-mapped external device를 연결합니다. Power Management Controller가 제어하는 Master Clock(MCK)으로 동작하며 child를 최대 4개 둘 수 있습니다.

Top-level pinctrl state 0~4와 이름은 선택입니다. Base compatible·reg·clocks·#address-cells·#size-cells가 필수이고 zephyr,deferred-init는 선택입니다. #address-cells는 고정값 1입니다.

Child 하나가 정의하는 여섯 필수값

  • reg: Chip Select 0~3
  • atmel,smc-write-mode: ncs 또는 nwe
  • atmel,smc-read-mode: ncs 또는 nrd
  • setup, pulse, 전체 cycle timing 배열
SMC transaction timing 관계
Setup

Address 준비
NWE · NCS_WR · NRD · NCS_RD

Pulse

실제 read/write
각 값은 0 금지

Hold

Memory release
별도 property 없음

Cycle

setup + pulse + hold

Encoding

  • Setup 6-bit: 128 × setup[5] + setup[4:0]
  • Pulse 7-bit: 256 × setup[6] + setup[5:0]. 공식 원문도 수식 변수명을 setup으로 표기하므로 자동으로 pulse로 고치지 않았습니다.
  • Cycle 9-bit: 256 × cycle[8:7] + cycle[6:0], 그리고 setup+pulse 이상

공식 120MHz 예제

원문은 MCK 한 cycle을 8ns로 계산합니다. 55ns SRAM에 setup 1, pulse 6, hold 0이면 cycle 7, 즉 56ns입니다. Hold 3이 필요하면 cycle은 10이 됩니다. SMC에 hold 전용 parameter가 없으므로 전체 cycle에 추가합니다.

마지막으로 실제 address space는 별도의 zephyr,memory-region·mmio-sram node로 정의합니다. Controller child의 chip-select 번호와 CPU physical memory region을 같은 reg 의미로 혼동하면 안 됩니다.

속성 전체 번역

공식 top-level node 6개, base 24개와 child 6개 property를 모두 번역했습니다.

노드 전용 속성 · 6개
이름형식설명과 제약
pinctrl-0phandles첫 번째 상태에서 사용할 핀 설정입니다. 구체적인 내용은 선택한 핀 컨트롤러 드라이버에 따라 달라집니다.
pinctrl-1phandles두 번째 상태에서 사용할 핀 설정입니다. pinctrl-0과 같은 형식입니다.
pinctrl-2phandles세 번째 상태에서 사용할 핀 설정입니다. pinctrl-0과 같은 형식입니다.
pinctrl-3phandles네 번째 상태에서 사용할 핀 설정입니다. pinctrl-0과 같은 형식입니다.
pinctrl-4phandles다섯 번째 상태에서 사용할 핀 설정입니다. pinctrl-0과 같은 형식입니다.
pinctrl-namesstring-array핀 설정 상태의 이름입니다. 이름 수는 정의한 상태 수와 같아야 합니다.
Base binding property · 24개

공통 기본 바인딩에서 상속한 속성입니다. 이 compatible에서 사용하지 않는 속성도 공식 참조 문서에 실려 있으면 함께 표시합니다.

이름형식설명과 제약
wakeup-sourceboolean이 장치를 시스템 깨우기에 사용할 수 있음을 나타냅니다. 이 속성이 있으면 깨우기 지원 플래그가 설정됩니다. 기본 상태에서는 장치의 인터럽트로 시스템을 깨우지 않으며, 실행 중에 깨우기 기능을 활성화할 수 있습니다.
power-domainphandle장치가 속한 전원 도메인의 phandle입니다. 해당 전원 도메인이 일시 중단되거나 다시 동작하면 장치에 알림이 전달됩니다.
zephyr,pm-device-runtime-autoboolean초기화 함수 실행 후 장치의 런타임 전원 관리를 자동으로 설정합니다.
zephyr,disabling-power-statesphandles이 장치의 전원이 꺼지는 전원 상태 목록입니다.
statusstring장치의 동작 상태를 나타냅니다.
허용값: 'ok', 'okay', 'disabled', 'reserved', 'fail', 'fail-sss'
compatiblestring-array이 노드에 적용할 바인딩과 드라이버를 식별하는 compatible 문자열 목록입니다.
필수
regarray장치 레지스터의 주소 범위를 지정합니다.
필수
reg-namesstring-array각 register space의 이름입니다.
interruptsarray장치에서 사용하는 인터럽트를 지정하는 목록입니다.
interrupts-extendedcompound인터럽트 컨트롤러의 phandle을 함께 지정하는 확장 형식의 인터럽트 명세입니다.
interrupt-namesstring-array각 interrupt의 이름입니다.
interrupt-parentphandle인터럽트 컨트롤러 노드를 가리키는 phandle입니다.
labelstring사람이 장치를 알아볼 수 있도록 붙이는 이름입니다. 과거에는 device_get_binding()의 인자로 사용했습니다.
사용 중단됨
clocksphandle-array클록 게이트 또는 클록 공급원을 지정하는 phandle 배열입니다.
필수
clock-namesstring-array각 clock의 이름입니다.
#address-cellsint하위 노드의 reg 속성에서 주소를 나타내는 데 쓰는 셀 수입니다.
필수 · 고정값: 1
#size-cellsint하위 노드의 reg 속성에서 크기를 나타내는 데 쓰는 셀 수입니다.
필수
dmasphandle-arrayDMA 채널을 지정하는 phandle 배열입니다.
dma-namesstring-array지정한 DMA 채널의 이름입니다.
io-channelsphandle-arrayI/O 채널을 지정하는 phandle 배열입니다.
io-channel-namesstring-array지정한 I/O 채널의 이름입니다.
mboxesphandle-array메일박스/IPM 채널을 지정하는 phandle 배열입니다.
mbox-namesstring-array지정한 메일박스/IPM 채널의 이름입니다.
zephyr,deferred-initboolean부팅할 때 장치를 자동으로 초기화하지 않습니다. 이후 device_init()를 호출해 직접 초기화해야 합니다.
하위 노드 속성 · 6개

각 하위 노드에 적용되는 속성입니다.

이름형식설명과 제약
regint이 external memory device가 사용할 SMC Chip Select 번호입니다. 유효 범위는 0~3입니다.
필수
atmel,smc-write-modestringWrite operation에 chip select NCS 또는 전용 write-enable NWE 중 어느 signal을 사용할지 선택합니다. Data는 선택 signal의 pulse와 hold 구간에 bus로 출력됩니다.
필수 · 허용값: 'ncs', 'nwe'
atmel,smc-read-modestringRead operation에 chip select NCS 또는 전용 read-enable NRD 중 어느 signal을 사용할지 선택합니다. Data는 선택 signal의 pulse와 hold 구간에 읽습니다.
필수 · 허용값: 'ncs', 'nrd'
atmel,smc-setup-timingarrayNWE·NCS_WR·NRD·NCS_RD 순서의 setup MCK cycle 배열입니다. 각 6-bit 값의 bit 5는 128-cycle offset을 더하며 0-delay도 허용합니다.
필수
atmel,smc-pulse-timingarrayNWE·NCS_WR·NRD·NCS_RD 순서의 pulse MCK cycle 배열입니다. 0은 금지되고 각 7-bit 값의 bit 6은 256-cycle offset을 더합니다.
필수
atmel,smc-cycle-timingarray전체 write cycle과 read cycle 길이의 두-element MCK cycle 배열입니다. 각 값은 setup+pulse 이상이어야 하며 남는 구간이 hold time이 됩니다.
필수

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