page cache

ssize_t filemap_read(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter,
		ssize_t already_read)
{
	struct file *filp = iocb->ki_filp;
	struct file_ra_state *ra = &filp->f_ra;
	struct address_space *mapping = filp->f_mapping;
	struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
	struct folio_batch fbatch;
	int i, error = 0;
	bool writably_mapped;
	loff_t isize, end_offset;
	loff_t last_pos = ra->prev_pos;

	if (unlikely(iocb->ki_pos >= inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes))
		return 0;
	if (unlikely(!iov_iter_count(iter)))
		return 0;

	iov_iter_truncate(iter, inode->i_sb->s_maxbytes);
	folio_batch_init(&fbatch);

	do {
		cond_resched();

		/*
		 * If we've already successfully copied some data, then we
		 * can no longer safely return -EIOCBQUEUED. Hence mark
		 * an async read NOWAIT at that point.
		 */
		if ((iocb->ki_flags & IOCB_WAITQ) && already_read)
			iocb->ki_flags |= IOCB_NOWAIT;

		if (unlikely(iocb->ki_pos >= i_size_read(inode)))
			break;

		error = filemap_get_pages(iocb, iter->count, &fbatch, false);
		if (error < 0)
			break;

		/*
		 * i_size must be checked after we know the pages are Uptodate.
		 *
		 * Checking i_size after the check allows us to calculate
		 * the correct value for "nr", which means the zero-filled
		 * part of the page is not copied back to userspace (unless
		 * another truncate extends the file - this is desired though).
		 */
		isize = i_size_read(inode);
		if (unlikely(iocb->ki_pos >= isize))
			goto put_folios;
		end_offset = min_t(loff_t, isize, iocb->ki_pos + iter->count);

		/*
		 * Once we start copying data, we don't want to be touching any
		 * cachelines that might be contended:
		 */
		writably_mapped = mapping_writably_mapped(mapping);

		/*
		 * When a read accesses the same folio several times, only
		 * mark it as accessed the first time.
		 */
		if (!pos_same_folio(iocb->ki_pos, last_pos - 1,
				    fbatch.folios[0]))
			folio_mark_accessed(fbatch.folios[0]);

		for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++) {
			struct folio *folio = fbatch.folios[i];
			size_t fsize = folio_size(folio);
			size_t offset = iocb->ki_pos & (fsize - 1);
			size_t bytes = min_t(loff_t, end_offset - iocb->ki_pos,
					     fsize - offset);
			size_t copied;

			if (end_offset < folio_pos(folio))
				break;
			if (i > 0)
				folio_mark_accessed(folio);
			/*
			 * If users can be writing to this folio using arbitrary
			 * virtual addresses, take care of potential aliasing
			 * before reading the folio on the kernel side.
			 */
			if (writably_mapped)
				flush_dcache_folio(folio);

			copied = copy_folio_to_iter(folio, offset, bytes, iter);

			already_read += copied;
			iocb->ki_pos += copied;
			last_pos = iocb->ki_pos;

			if (copied < bytes) {
				error = -EFAULT;
				break;
			}
		}
put_folios:
		for (i = 0; i < folio_batch_count(&fbatch); i++)
			folio_put(fbatch.folios[i]);
		folio_batch_init(&fbatch);
	} while (iov_iter_count(iter) && iocb->ki_pos < isize && !error);

	file_accessed(filp);
	ra->prev_pos = last_pos;
	return already_read ? already_read : error;
}