요약·해설과 원문, 전문 번역을 서로 분리했습니다. API 이름, symbol, source path는 원문 표기를 사용합니다.
1. 요약·해설
원문의 핵심 논리와 kernel programming 관점의 보충 설명입니다. 아래의 전문 번역과는 별도로 작성했습니다.
2. 영어 원문 전체
번역 기준이 된 Linux v6.18.37 원문입니다. 줄 번호는 이 버전의 파일 좌표입니다.
원문 전체 펼치기
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
.. _frontend-stat-properties:
******************************
Frontend statistics indicators
******************************
The values are returned via ``dtv_property.stat``. If the property is
supported, ``dtv_property.stat.len`` is bigger than zero.
For most delivery systems, ``dtv_property.stat.len`` will be 1 if the
stats is supported, and the properties will return a single value for
each parameter.
It should be noted, however, that new OFDM delivery systems like ISDB
can use different modulation types for each group of carriers. On such
standards, up to 3 groups of statistics can be provided, and
``dtv_property.stat.len`` is updated to reflect the "global" metrics,
plus one metric per each carrier group (called "layer" on ISDB).
So, in order to be consistent with other delivery systems, the first
value at :c:type:`dtv_property.stat.dtv_stats <dtv_stats>` array refers
to the global metric. The other elements of the array represent each
layer, starting from layer A(index 1), layer B (index 2) and so on.
The number of filled elements are stored at ``dtv_property.stat.len``.
Each element of the ``dtv_property.stat.dtv_stats`` array consists on
two elements:
- ``svalue`` or ``uvalue``, where ``svalue`` is for signed values of
the measure (dB measures) and ``uvalue`` is for unsigned values
(counters, relative scale)
- ``scale`` - Scale for the value. It can be:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - The parameter is supported by the
frontend, but it was not possible to collect it (could be a
transitory or permanent condition)
- ``FE_SCALE_DECIBEL`` - parameter is a signed value, measured in
1/1000 dB
- ``FE_SCALE_RELATIVE`` - parameter is a unsigned value, where 0
means 0% and 65535 means 100%.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - parameter is a unsigned value that counts
the occurrence of an event, like bit error, block error, or lapsed
time.
.. _DTV-STAT-SIGNAL-STRENGTH:
DTV_STAT_SIGNAL_STRENGTH
========================
Indicates the signal strength level at the analog part of the tuner or
of the demod.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_DECIBEL`` - signal strength is in 0.001 dBm units, power
measured in miliwatts. This value is generally negative.
- ``FE_SCALE_RELATIVE`` - The frontend provides a 0% to 100%
measurement for power (actually, 0 to 65535).
.. _DTV-STAT-CNR:
DTV_STAT_CNR
============
Indicates the Signal to Noise ratio for the main carrier.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_DECIBEL`` - Signal/Noise ratio is in 0.001 dB units.
- ``FE_SCALE_RELATIVE`` - The frontend provides a 0% to 100%
measurement for Signal/Noise (actually, 0 to 65535).
.. _DTV-STAT-PRE-ERROR-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT
============================
Measures the number of bit errors before the forward error correction
(FEC) on the inner coding block (before Viterbi, LDPC or other inner
code).
This measure is taken during the same interval as
``DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT``.
In order to get the BER (Bit Error Rate) measurement, it should be
divided by
:ref:`DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-PRE-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT>`.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of error bits counted before the inner
coding.
.. _DTV-STAT-PRE-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT
============================
Measures the amount of bits received before the inner code block, during
the same period as
:ref:`DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-PRE-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`
measurement was taken.
It should be noted that this measurement can be smaller than the total
amount of bits on the transport stream, as the frontend may need to
manually restart the measurement, losing some data between each
measurement interval.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of bits counted while measuring
:ref:`DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-PRE-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`.
.. _DTV-STAT-POST-ERROR-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT
=============================
Measures the number of bit errors after the forward error correction
(FEC) done by inner code block (after Viterbi, LDPC or other inner
code).
This measure is taken during the same interval as
``DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT``.
In order to get the BER (Bit Error Rate) measurement, it should be
divided by
:ref:`DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-POST-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT>`.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of error bits counted after the inner
coding.
.. _DTV-STAT-POST-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT
=============================
Measures the amount of bits received after the inner coding, during the
same period as
:ref:`DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-POST-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`
measurement was taken.
It should be noted that this measurement can be smaller than the total
amount of bits on the transport stream, as the frontend may need to
manually restart the measurement, losing some data between each
measurement interval.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of bits counted while measuring
:ref:`DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-POST-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`.
.. _DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT
==========================
Measures the number of block errors after the outer forward error
correction coding (after Reed-Solomon or other outer code).
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of error blocks counted after the outer
coding.
.. _DTV-STAT-TOTAL-BLOCK-COUNT:
DTV-STAT_TOTAL_BLOCK_COUNT
==========================
Measures the total number of blocks received during the same period as
:ref:`DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT <DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT>`
measurement was taken.
It can be used to calculate the PER indicator, by dividing
:ref:`DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT <DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT>` by
:ref:`DTV-STAT-TOTAL-BLOCK-COUNT`.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of blocks counted while measuring
:ref:`DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT <DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT>`.
3. 한국어 전문 번역
영어 원문의 문단 순서와 의미를 유지한 전체 번역입니다. 코드, 함수명, symbol과 URL은 원문 표기를 유지합니다.
dtv_property.stat 배열과 scale
1-52통계 값은 `dtv_property.stat`을 통해 반환됩니다. Property가 지원되면 `dtv_property.stat.len`은 0보다 큽니다.
대부분의 delivery system에서는 통계가 지원될 때 `len`이 1이고 매개변수마다 단일 값을 반환합니다. ISDB 같은 새로운 OFDM system은 carrier group마다 다른 변조를 사용할 수 있어 최대 3개 group 통계를 제공할 수 있습니다.
일관성을 위해 `dtv_property.stat.dtv_stats` 배열의 첫 값은 global metric입니다. 나머지는 layer A(index 1), layer B(index 2) 순서로 각 carrier group 또는 ISDB layer를 나타내며 채운 element 수는 `dtv_property.stat.len`에 저장됩니다.
각 `dtv_stats` element는 값 union과 `scale`로 구성됩니다. `svalue`는 dB처럼 signed 측정값, `uvalue`는 counter나 relative scale 같은 unsigned 값입니다.
값 해석에 사용하는 네 scale입니다.
len과 배열 index로 global 및 layer metric을 구분합니다.
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GFDL-1.1-no-invariants-or-later
.. _frontend-stat-properties:
******************************
Frontend statistics indicators
******************************
The values are returned via ``dtv_property.stat``. If the property is
supported, ``dtv_property.stat.len`` is bigger than zero.
For most delivery systems, ``dtv_property.stat.len`` will be 1 if the
stats is supported, and the properties will return a single value for
each parameter.
It should be noted, however, that new OFDM delivery systems like ISDB
can use different modulation types for each group of carriers. On such
standards, up to 3 groups of statistics can be provided, and
``dtv_property.stat.len`` is updated to reflect the "global" metrics,
plus one metric per each carrier group (called "layer" on ISDB).
So, in order to be consistent with other delivery systems, the first
value at :c:type:`dtv_property.stat.dtv_stats <dtv_stats>` array refers
to the global metric. The other elements of the array represent each
layer, starting from layer A(index 1), layer B (index 2) and so on.
The number of filled elements are stored at ``dtv_property.stat.len``.
Each element of the ``dtv_property.stat.dtv_stats`` array consists on
two elements:
- ``svalue`` or ``uvalue``, where ``svalue`` is for signed values of
the measure (dB measures) and ``uvalue`` is for unsigned values
(counters, relative scale)
- ``scale`` - Scale for the value. It can be:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - The parameter is supported by the
frontend, but it was not possible to collect it (could be a
transitory or permanent condition)
- ``FE_SCALE_DECIBEL`` - parameter is a signed value, measured in
1/1000 dB
- ``FE_SCALE_RELATIVE`` - parameter is a unsigned value, where 0
means 0% and 65535 means 100%.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - parameter is a unsigned value that counts
the occurrence of an event, like bit error, block error, or lapsed
time.
Signal strength와 CNR
53-90`DTV_STAT_SIGNAL_STRENGTH`는 tuner 또는 demodulator analog 부분의 signal strength level을 나타냅니다.
DTV_STAT_SIGNAL_STRENGTH가 사용할 수 있는 scale입니다.
`DTV_STAT_CNR`은 주 반송파의 signal-to-noise ratio를 나타냅니다.
DTV_STAT_CNR이 사용할 수 있는 scale입니다.
.. _DTV-STAT-SIGNAL-STRENGTH:
DTV_STAT_SIGNAL_STRENGTH
========================
Indicates the signal strength level at the analog part of the tuner or
of the demod.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_DECIBEL`` - signal strength is in 0.001 dBm units, power
measured in miliwatts. This value is generally negative.
- ``FE_SCALE_RELATIVE`` - The frontend provides a 0% to 100%
measurement for power (actually, 0 to 65535).
.. _DTV-STAT-CNR:
DTV_STAT_CNR
============
Indicates the Signal to Noise ratio for the main carrier.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_DECIBEL`` - Signal/Noise ratio is in 0.001 dB units.
- ``FE_SCALE_RELATIVE`` - The frontend provides a 0% to 100%
measurement for Signal/Noise (actually, 0 to 65535).
Inner FEC 이전 bit error와 total
91-147`DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT`는 Viterbi, LDPC 등 inner code의 Forward Error Correction 이전 bit error 수를 측정합니다. `DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT`와 같은 구간에서 측정합니다.
Pre-FEC BER은 `DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT / DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT`로 계산합니다.
Error counter는 frontend가 더 많은 bit 측정값을 얻을수록 단조 증가하며 channel/transponder tuning 시 reset될 수 있습니다. Scale은 측정 불가 또는 `FE_SCALE_COUNTER`입니다.
`DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT`는 같은 측정 구간의 inner code 이전 수신 bit 수입니다. Frontend가 측정을 수동으로 재시작하면서 구간 사이 data를 잃을 수 있으므로 transport stream 전체 bit 수보다 작을 수 있습니다.
Total counter도 단조 증가하고 tuning 시 reset될 수 있으며, scale은 측정 불가 또는 error count와 짝을 이루는 `FE_SCALE_COUNTER`입니다.
동일 구간의 error와 total counter를 짝지어 사용합니다.
.. _DTV-STAT-PRE-ERROR-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT
============================
Measures the number of bit errors before the forward error correction
(FEC) on the inner coding block (before Viterbi, LDPC or other inner
code).
This measure is taken during the same interval as
``DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT``.
In order to get the BER (Bit Error Rate) measurement, it should be
divided by
:ref:`DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-PRE-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT>`.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of error bits counted before the inner
coding.
.. _DTV-STAT-PRE-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_PRE_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT
============================
Measures the amount of bits received before the inner code block, during
the same period as
:ref:`DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-PRE-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`
measurement was taken.
It should be noted that this measurement can be smaller than the total
amount of bits on the transport stream, as the frontend may need to
manually restart the measurement, losing some data between each
measurement interval.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of bits counted while measuring
:ref:`DTV_STAT_PRE_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-PRE-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`.
Inner FEC 이후 bit error와 total
148-204`DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT`는 inner code의 FEC를 수행한 뒤의 bit error 수입니다. `DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT`와 같은 구간에서 측정합니다.
Post-FEC BER은 `DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT / DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT`로 계산합니다.
Error counter는 단조 증가하며 channel/transponder tuning 시 reset될 수 있습니다. Scale은 측정 불가 또는 inner coding 뒤 error bit 수를 나타내는 `FE_SCALE_COUNTER`입니다.
`DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT`는 같은 구간의 inner coding 이후 수신 bit 수입니다. 측정을 수동 재시작하는 사이 data가 빠질 수 있어 transport stream 전체보다 작을 수 있습니다.
Total counter도 단조 증가하고 tuning 시 reset될 수 있으며 scale은 측정 불가 또는 paired total을 세는 `FE_SCALE_COUNTER`입니다.
FEC 이후 error와 total counter를 같은 구간에서 사용합니다.
.. _DTV-STAT-POST-ERROR-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT
=============================
Measures the number of bit errors after the forward error correction
(FEC) done by inner code block (after Viterbi, LDPC or other inner
code).
This measure is taken during the same interval as
``DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT``.
In order to get the BER (Bit Error Rate) measurement, it should be
divided by
:ref:`DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-POST-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT>`.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of error bits counted after the inner
coding.
.. _DTV-STAT-POST-TOTAL-BIT-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_POST_TOTAL_BIT_COUNT
=============================
Measures the amount of bits received after the inner coding, during the
same period as
:ref:`DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-POST-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`
measurement was taken.
It should be noted that this measurement can be smaller than the total
amount of bits on the transport stream, as the frontend may need to
manually restart the measurement, losing some data between each
measurement interval.
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of bits counted while measuring
:ref:`DTV_STAT_POST_ERROR_BIT_COUNT <DTV-STAT-POST-ERROR-BIT-COUNT>`.
Outer FEC 이후 block error와 PER
205-245`DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT`는 Reed-Solomon 같은 outer code의 Forward Error Correction 이후 block error 수를 측정합니다.
이 counter는 더 많은 측정값을 얻을수록 단조 증가하고 channel/transponder tuning 시 reset될 수 있습니다. Scale은 측정 불가 또는 outer coding 이후 error block 수인 `FE_SCALE_COUNTER`입니다.
원문 heading은 `DTV-STAT_TOTAL_BLOCK_COUNT`처럼 첫 구분자에 hyphen을 사용하지만 property 참조는 `DTV_STAT_TOTAL_BLOCK_COUNT`입니다. 영어 원문 표기는 수정하지 않고 그대로 보존합니다.
`DTV_STAT_TOTAL_BLOCK_COUNT`는 error block과 같은 기간에 받은 전체 block 수입니다. PER은 `DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT / DTV_STAT_TOTAL_BLOCK_COUNT`로 계산합니다.
Total block scale은 측정 불가 또는 error block 측정 중 센 전체 block 수를 나타내는 `FE_SCALE_COUNTER`입니다.
동일 구간의 outer-code block counter를 나눕니다.
.. _DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT:
DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT
==========================
Measures the number of block errors after the outer forward error
correction coding (after Reed-Solomon or other outer code).
This measurement is monotonically increased, as the frontend gets more
bit count measurements. The frontend may reset it when a
channel/transponder is tuned.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of error blocks counted after the outer
coding.
.. _DTV-STAT-TOTAL-BLOCK-COUNT:
DTV-STAT_TOTAL_BLOCK_COUNT
==========================
Measures the total number of blocks received during the same period as
:ref:`DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT <DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT>`
measurement was taken.
It can be used to calculate the PER indicator, by dividing
:ref:`DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT <DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT>` by
:ref:`DTV-STAT-TOTAL-BLOCK-COUNT`.
Possible scales for this metric are:
- ``FE_SCALE_NOT_AVAILABLE`` - it failed to measure it, or the
measurement was not complete yet.
- ``FE_SCALE_COUNTER`` - Number of blocks counted while measuring
:ref:`DTV_STAT_ERROR_BLOCK_COUNT <DTV-STAT-ERROR-BLOCK-COUNT>`.
요약·해설
frontend-stat-properties.rst:1-245Global metric은 index 0, ISDB layer는 index 1부터입니다. BER/PER은 반드시 같은 측정 구간의 error/total counter 쌍으로 계산합니다.