요약·해설과 원문, 전문 번역을 서로 분리했습니다. API 이름, symbol, source path는 원문 표기를 사용합니다.
1. 요약·해설
원문의 핵심 논리와 kernel programming 관점의 보충 설명입니다. 아래의 전문 번역과는 별도로 작성했습니다.
Hotkey와 HKEY event
thinkpad-acpi.rst:183-619event mask, input mapping, HKEY event table와 thermal alarm을 정리합니다.
Radio·display·LED·sensor
thinkpad-acpi.rst:620-1106Bluetooth, video, ThinkLight, CMOS, LED, beep, temperature와 brightness를 설명합니다.
Audio와 fan
thinkpad-acpi.rst:1107-1380Console Audio semantics, volume mode, fan level과 safety watchdog을 설명합니다.
현대 platform attribute와 changelog
thinkpad-acpi.rst:1381-1691WWAN, PrivacyGuard, lap mode, UWB, keyboard·antenna·MAC·battery attribute와 sysfs changelog를 제공합니다.
2. 영어 원문 전체
번역 기준이 된 Linux v6.18.37 원문입니다. 줄 번호는 이 버전의 파일 좌표입니다.
원문 전체 펼치기
===========================
ThinkPad ACPI Extras Driver
===========================
Version 0.25
October 16th, 2013
- Borislav Deianov <[email protected]>
- Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <[email protected]>
http://ibm-acpi.sf.net/
This is a Linux driver for the IBM and Lenovo ThinkPad laptops. It
supports various features of these laptops which are accessible
through the ACPI and ACPI EC framework, but not otherwise fully
supported by the generic Linux ACPI drivers.
This driver used to be named ibm-acpi until kernel 2.6.21 and release
0.13-20070314. It used to be in the drivers/acpi tree, but it was
moved to the drivers/misc tree and renamed to thinkpad-acpi for kernel
2.6.22, and release 0.14. It was moved to drivers/platform/x86 for
kernel 2.6.29 and release 0.22.
The driver is named "thinkpad-acpi". In some places, like module
names and log messages, "thinkpad_acpi" is used because of userspace
issues.
"tpacpi" is used as a shorthand where "thinkpad-acpi" would be too
long due to length limitations on some Linux kernel versions.
Status
------
The features currently supported are the following (see below for
detailed description):
- Fn key combinations
- Bluetooth enable and disable
- video output switching, expansion control
- ThinkLight on and off
- CMOS/UCMS control
- LED control
- ACPI sounds
- temperature sensors
- Experimental: embedded controller register dump
- LCD brightness control
- Volume control
- Fan control and monitoring: fan speed, fan enable/disable
- WAN enable and disable
- UWB enable and disable
- LCD Shadow (PrivacyGuard) enable and disable
- Lap mode sensor
- Setting keyboard language
- WWAN Antenna type
- Auxmac
A compatibility table by model and feature is maintained on the web
site, http://ibm-acpi.sf.net/. I appreciate any success or failure
reports, especially if they add to or correct the compatibility table.
Please include the following information in your report:
- ThinkPad model name
- a copy of your ACPI tables, using the "acpidump" utility
- a copy of the output of dmidecode, with serial numbers
and UUIDs masked off
- which driver features work and which don't
- the observed behavior of non-working features
Any other comments or patches are also more than welcome.
Installation
------------
If you are compiling this driver as included in the Linux kernel
sources, look for the CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI Kconfig option.
It is located on the menu path: "Device Drivers" -> "X86 Platform
Specific Device Drivers" -> "ThinkPad ACPI Laptop Extras".
Features
--------
The driver exports two different interfaces to userspace, which can be
used to access the features it provides. One is a legacy procfs-based
interface, which will be removed at some time in the future. The other
is a new sysfs-based interface which is not complete yet.
The procfs interface creates the /proc/acpi/ibm directory. There is a
file under that directory for each feature it supports. The procfs
interface is mostly frozen, and will change very little if at all: it
will not be extended to add any new functionality in the driver, instead
all new functionality will be implemented on the sysfs interface.
The sysfs interface tries to blend in the generic Linux sysfs subsystems
and classes as much as possible. Since some of these subsystems are not
yet ready or stabilized, it is expected that this interface will change,
and any and all userspace programs must deal with it.
Notes about the sysfs interface
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Unlike what was done with the procfs interface, correctness when talking
to the sysfs interfaces will be enforced, as will correctness in the
thinkpad-acpi's implementation of sysfs interfaces.
Also, any bugs in the thinkpad-acpi sysfs driver code or in the
thinkpad-acpi's implementation of the sysfs interfaces will be fixed for
maximum correctness, even if that means changing an interface in
non-compatible ways. As these interfaces mature both in the kernel and
in thinkpad-acpi, such changes should become quite rare.
Applications interfacing to the thinkpad-acpi sysfs interfaces must
follow all sysfs guidelines and correctly process all errors (the sysfs
interface makes extensive use of errors). File descriptors and open /
close operations to the sysfs inodes must also be properly implemented.
The version of thinkpad-acpi's sysfs interface is exported by the driver
as a driver attribute (see below).
Sysfs driver attributes are on the driver's sysfs attribute space,
for 2.6.23+ this is /sys/bus/platform/drivers/thinkpad_acpi/ and
/sys/bus/platform/drivers/thinkpad_hwmon/
Sysfs device attributes are on the thinkpad_acpi device sysfs attribute
space, for 2.6.23+ this is /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/.
Sysfs device attributes for the sensors and fan are on the
thinkpad_hwmon device's sysfs attribute space, but you should locate it
looking for a hwmon device with the name attribute of "thinkpad", or
better yet, through libsensors. For 4.14+ sysfs attributes were moved to the
hwmon device (/sys/bus/platform/devices/thinkpad_hwmon/hwmon/hwmon? or
/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon?).
Driver version
--------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/driver
sysfs driver attribute: version
The driver name and version. No commands can be written to this file.
Sysfs interface version
-----------------------
sysfs driver attribute: interface_version
Version of the thinkpad-acpi sysfs interface, as an unsigned long
(output in hex format: 0xAAAABBCC), where:
AAAA
- major revision
BB
- minor revision
CC
- bugfix revision
The sysfs interface version changelog for the driver can be found at the
end of this document. Changes to the sysfs interface done by the kernel
subsystems are not documented here, nor are they tracked by this
attribute.
Changes to the thinkpad-acpi sysfs interface are only considered
non-experimental when they are submitted to Linux mainline, at which
point the changes in this interface are documented and interface_version
may be updated. If you are using any thinkpad-acpi features not yet
sent to mainline for merging, you do so on your own risk: these features
may disappear, or be implemented in a different and incompatible way by
the time they are merged in Linux mainline.
Changes that are backwards-compatible by nature (e.g. the addition of
attributes that do not change the way the other attributes work) do not
always warrant an update of interface_version. Therefore, one must
expect that an attribute might not be there, and deal with it properly
(an attribute not being there *is* a valid way to make it clear that a
feature is not available in sysfs).
Hot keys
--------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey
sysfs device attribute: hotkey_*
In a ThinkPad, the ACPI HKEY handler is responsible for communicating
some important events and also keyboard hot key presses to the operating
system. Enabling the hotkey functionality of thinkpad-acpi signals the
firmware that such a driver is present, and modifies how the ThinkPad
firmware will behave in many situations.
The driver enables the HKEY ("hot key") event reporting automatically
when loaded, and disables it when it is removed.
The driver will report HKEY events in the following format::
ibm/hotkey HKEY 00000080 0000xxxx
Some of these events refer to hot key presses, but not all of them.
The driver will generate events over the input layer for hot keys and
radio switches, and over the ACPI netlink layer for other events. The
input layer support accepts the standard IOCTLs to remap the keycodes
assigned to each hot key.
The hot key bit mask allows some control over which hot keys generate
events. If a key is "masked" (bit set to 0 in the mask), the firmware
will handle it. If it is "unmasked", it signals the firmware that
thinkpad-acpi would prefer to handle it, if the firmware would be so
kind to allow it (and it often doesn't!).
Not all bits in the mask can be modified. Not all bits that can be
modified do anything. Not all hot keys can be individually controlled
by the mask. Some models do not support the mask at all. The behaviour
of the mask is, therefore, highly dependent on the ThinkPad model.
The driver will filter out any unmasked hotkeys, so even if the firmware
doesn't allow disabling an specific hotkey, the driver will not report
events for unmasked hotkeys.
Note that unmasking some keys prevents their default behavior. For
example, if Fn+F5 is unmasked, that key will no longer enable/disable
Bluetooth by itself in firmware.
Note also that not all Fn key combinations are supported through ACPI
depending on the ThinkPad model and firmware version. On those
ThinkPads, it is still possible to support some extra hotkeys by
polling the "CMOS NVRAM" at least 10 times per second. The driver
attempts to enables this functionality automatically when required.
procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The following commands can be written to the /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey file::
echo 0xffffffff > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- enable all hot keys
echo 0 > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- disable all possible hot keys
... any other 8-hex-digit mask ...
echo reset > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- restore the recommended mask
The following commands have been deprecated and will cause the kernel
to log a warning::
echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- does nothing
echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- returns an error
The procfs interface does not support NVRAM polling control. So as to
maintain maximum bug-to-bug compatibility, it does not report any masks,
nor does it allow one to manipulate the hot key mask when the firmware
does not support masks at all, even if NVRAM polling is in use.
sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
hotkey_bios_enabled:
DEPRECATED, WILL BE REMOVED SOON.
Returns 0.
hotkey_bios_mask:
DEPRECATED, DON'T USE, WILL BE REMOVED IN THE FUTURE.
Returns the hot keys mask when thinkpad-acpi was loaded.
Upon module unload, the hot keys mask will be restored
to this value. This is always 0x80c, because those are
the hotkeys that were supported by ancient firmware
without mask support.
hotkey_enable:
DEPRECATED, WILL BE REMOVED SOON.
0: returns -EPERM
1: does nothing
hotkey_mask:
bit mask to enable reporting (and depending on
the firmware, ACPI event generation) for each hot key
(see above). Returns the current status of the hot keys
mask, and allows one to modify it.
hotkey_all_mask:
bit mask that should enable event reporting for all
supported hot keys, when echoed to hotkey_mask above.
Unless you know which events need to be handled
passively (because the firmware *will* handle them
anyway), do *not* use hotkey_all_mask. Use
hotkey_recommended_mask, instead. You have been warned.
hotkey_recommended_mask:
bit mask that should enable event reporting for all
supported hot keys, except those which are always
handled by the firmware anyway. Echo it to
hotkey_mask above, to use. This is the default mask
used by the driver.
hotkey_source_mask:
bit mask that selects which hot keys will the driver
poll the NVRAM for. This is auto-detected by the driver
based on the capabilities reported by the ACPI firmware,
but it can be overridden at runtime.
Hot keys whose bits are set in hotkey_source_mask are
polled for in NVRAM, and reported as hotkey events if
enabled in hotkey_mask. Only a few hot keys are
available through CMOS NVRAM polling.
Warning: when in NVRAM mode, the volume up/down/mute
keys are synthesized according to changes in the mixer,
which uses a single volume up or volume down hotkey
press to unmute, as per the ThinkPad volume mixer user
interface. When in ACPI event mode, volume up/down/mute
events are reported by the firmware and can behave
differently (and that behaviour changes with firmware
version -- not just with firmware models -- as well as
OSI(Linux) state).
hotkey_poll_freq:
frequency in Hz for hot key polling. It must be between
0 and 25 Hz. Polling is only carried out when strictly
needed.
Setting hotkey_poll_freq to zero disables polling, and
will cause hot key presses that require NVRAM polling
to never be reported.
Setting hotkey_poll_freq too low may cause repeated
pressings of the same hot key to be misreported as a
single key press, or to not even be detected at all.
The recommended polling frequency is 10Hz.
hotkey_radio_sw:
If the ThinkPad has a hardware radio switch, this
attribute will read 0 if the switch is in the "radios
disabled" position, and 1 if the switch is in the
"radios enabled" position.
This attribute has poll()/select() support.
hotkey_tablet_mode:
If the ThinkPad has tablet capabilities, this attribute
will read 0 if the ThinkPad is in normal mode, and
1 if the ThinkPad is in tablet mode.
This attribute has poll()/select() support.
wakeup_reason:
Set to 1 if the system is waking up because the user
requested a bay ejection. Set to 2 if the system is
waking up because the user requested the system to
undock. Set to zero for normal wake-ups or wake-ups
due to unknown reasons.
This attribute has poll()/select() support.
wakeup_hotunplug_complete:
Set to 1 if the system was waken up because of an
undock or bay ejection request, and that request
was successfully completed. At this point, it might
be useful to send the system back to sleep, at the
user's choice. Refer to HKEY events 0x4003 and
0x3003, below.
This attribute has poll()/select() support.
input layer notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A Hot key is mapped to a single input layer EV_KEY event, possibly
followed by an EV_MSC MSC_SCAN event that shall contain that key's scan
code. An EV_SYN event will always be generated to mark the end of the
event block.
Do not use the EV_MSC MSC_SCAN events to process keys. They are to be
used as a helper to remap keys, only. They are particularly useful when
remapping KEY_UNKNOWN keys.
The events are available in an input device, with the following id:
============== ==============================
Bus BUS_HOST
vendor 0x1014 (PCI_VENDOR_ID_IBM) or
0x17aa (PCI_VENDOR_ID_LENOVO)
product 0x5054 ("TP")
version 0x4101
============== ==============================
The version will have its LSB incremented if the keymap changes in a
backwards-compatible way. The MSB shall always be 0x41 for this input
device. If the MSB is not 0x41, do not use the device as described in
this section, as it is either something else (e.g. another input device
exported by a thinkpad driver, such as HDAPS) or its functionality has
been changed in a non-backwards compatible way.
Adding other event types for other functionalities shall be considered a
backwards-compatible change for this input device.
Thinkpad-acpi Hot Key event map (version 0x4101):
======= ======= ============== ==============================================
ACPI Scan
event code Key Notes
======= ======= ============== ==============================================
0x1001 0x00 FN+F1 -
0x1002 0x01 FN+F2 IBM: battery (rare)
Lenovo: Screen lock
0x1003 0x02 FN+F3 Many IBM models always report
this hot key, even with hot keys
disabled or with Fn+F3 masked
off
IBM: screen lock, often turns
off the ThinkLight as side-effect
Lenovo: battery
0x1004 0x03 FN+F4 Sleep button (ACPI sleep button
semantics, i.e. sleep-to-RAM).
It always generates some kind
of event, either the hot key
event or an ACPI sleep button
event. The firmware may
refuse to generate further FN+F4
key presses until a S3 or S4 ACPI
sleep cycle is performed or some
time passes.
0x1005 0x04 FN+F5 Radio. Enables/disables
the internal Bluetooth hardware
and W-WAN card if left in control
of the firmware. Does not affect
the WLAN card.
Should be used to turn on/off all
radios (Bluetooth+W-WAN+WLAN),
really.
0x1006 0x05 FN+F6 -
0x1007 0x06 FN+F7 Video output cycle.
Do you feel lucky today?
0x1008 0x07 FN+F8 IBM: toggle screen expand
Lenovo: configure UltraNav,
or toggle screen expand.
On 2024 platforms replaced by
0x131f (see below) and on newer
platforms (2025 +) keycode is
replaced by 0x1401 (see below).
0x1009 0x08 FN+F9 -
... ... ... ...
0x100B 0x0A FN+F11 -
0x100C 0x0B FN+F12 Sleep to disk. You are always
supposed to handle it yourself,
either through the ACPI event,
or through a hotkey event.
The firmware may refuse to
generate further FN+F12 key
press events until a S3 or S4
ACPI sleep cycle is performed,
or some time passes.
0x100D 0x0C FN+BACKSPACE -
0x100E 0x0D FN+INSERT -
0x100F 0x0E FN+DELETE -
0x1010 0x0F FN+HOME Brightness up. This key is
always handled by the firmware
in IBM ThinkPads, even when
unmasked. Just leave it alone.
For Lenovo ThinkPads with a new
BIOS, it has to be handled either
by the ACPI OSI, or by userspace.
The driver does the right thing,
never mess with this.
0x1011 0x10 FN+END Brightness down. See brightness
up for details.
0x1012 0x11 FN+PGUP ThinkLight toggle. This key is
always handled by the firmware,
even when unmasked.
0x1013 0x12 FN+PGDOWN -
0x1014 0x13 FN+SPACE Zoom key
0x1015 0x14 VOLUME UP Internal mixer volume up. This
key is always handled by the
firmware, even when unmasked.
NOTE: Lenovo seems to be changing
this.
0x1016 0x15 VOLUME DOWN Internal mixer volume up. This
key is always handled by the
firmware, even when unmasked.
NOTE: Lenovo seems to be changing
this.
0x1017 0x16 MUTE Mute internal mixer. This
key is always handled by the
firmware, even when unmasked.
0x1018 0x17 THINKPAD ThinkPad/Access IBM/Lenovo key
0x1019 0x18 unknown
0x131f ... FN+F8 Platform Mode change (2024 systems).
Implemented in driver.
0x1401 ... FN+F8 Platform Mode change (2025 + systems).
Implemented in driver.
... ... ...
0x1020 0x1F unknown
======= ======= ============== ==============================================
The ThinkPad firmware does not allow one to differentiate when most hot
keys are pressed or released (either that, or we don't know how to, yet).
For these keys, the driver generates a set of events for a key press and
immediately issues the same set of events for a key release. It is
unknown by the driver if the ThinkPad firmware triggered these events on
hot key press or release, but the firmware will do it for either one, not
both.
If a key is mapped to KEY_RESERVED, it generates no input events at all.
If a key is mapped to KEY_UNKNOWN, it generates an input event that
includes an scan code. If a key is mapped to anything else, it will
generate input device EV_KEY events.
In addition to the EV_KEY events, thinkpad-acpi may also issue EV_SW
events for switches:
============== ==============================================
SW_RFKILL_ALL T60 and later hardware rfkill rocker switch
SW_TABLET_MODE Tablet ThinkPads HKEY events 0x5009 and 0x500A
============== ==============================================
Non hotkey ACPI HKEY event map
------------------------------
Events that are never propagated by the driver:
====== ==================================================
0x2304 System is waking up from suspend to undock
0x2305 System is waking up from suspend to eject bay
0x2404 System is waking up from hibernation to undock
0x2405 System is waking up from hibernation to eject bay
0x5001 Lid closed
0x5002 Lid opened
0x5009 Tablet swivel: switched to tablet mode
0x500A Tablet swivel: switched to normal mode
0x5010 Brightness level changed/control event
0x6000 KEYBOARD: Numlock key pressed
0x6005 KEYBOARD: Fn key pressed (TO BE VERIFIED)
0x7000 Radio Switch may have changed state
====== ==================================================
Events that are propagated by the driver to userspace:
====== =====================================================
0x2313 ALARM: System is waking up from suspend because
the battery is nearly empty
0x2413 ALARM: System is waking up from hibernation because
the battery is nearly empty
0x3003 Bay ejection (see 0x2x05) complete, can sleep again
0x3006 Bay hotplug request (hint to power up SATA link when
the optical drive tray is ejected)
0x4003 Undocked (see 0x2x04), can sleep again
0x4010 Docked into hotplug port replicator (non-ACPI dock)
0x4011 Undocked from hotplug port replicator (non-ACPI dock)
0x500B Tablet pen inserted into its storage bay
0x500C Tablet pen removed from its storage bay
0x6011 ALARM: battery is too hot
0x6012 ALARM: battery is extremely hot
0x6021 ALARM: a sensor is too hot
0x6022 ALARM: a sensor is extremely hot
0x6030 System thermal table changed
0x6032 Thermal Control command set completion (DYTC, Windows)
0x6040 Nvidia Optimus/AC adapter related (TO BE VERIFIED)
0x60C0 X1 Yoga 2016, Tablet mode status changed
0x60F0 Thermal Transformation changed (GMTS, Windows)
====== =====================================================
Battery nearly empty alarms are a last resort attempt to get the
operating system to hibernate or shutdown cleanly (0x2313), or shutdown
cleanly (0x2413) before power is lost. They must be acted upon, as the
wake up caused by the firmware will have negated most safety nets...
When any of the "too hot" alarms happen, according to Lenovo the user
should suspend or hibernate the laptop (and in the case of battery
alarms, unplug the AC adapter) to let it cool down. These alarms do
signal that something is wrong, they should never happen on normal
operating conditions.
The "extremely hot" alarms are emergencies. According to Lenovo, the
operating system is to force either an immediate suspend or hibernate
cycle, or a system shutdown. Obviously, something is very wrong if this
happens.
Brightness hotkey notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Don't mess with the brightness hotkeys in a Thinkpad. If you want
notifications for OSD, use the sysfs backlight class event support.
The driver will issue KEY_BRIGHTNESS_UP and KEY_BRIGHTNESS_DOWN events
automatically for the cases were userspace has to do something to
implement brightness changes. When you override these events, you will
either fail to handle properly the ThinkPads that require explicit
action to change backlight brightness, or the ThinkPads that require
that no action be taken to work properly.
Bluetooth
---------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth
sysfs device attribute: bluetooth_enable (deprecated)
sysfs rfkill class: switch "tpacpi_bluetooth_sw"
This feature shows the presence and current state of a ThinkPad
Bluetooth device in the internal ThinkPad CDC slot.
If the ThinkPad supports it, the Bluetooth state is stored in NVRAM,
so it is kept across reboots and power-off.
Procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
If Bluetooth is installed, the following commands can be used::
echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth
echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth
Sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
If the Bluetooth CDC card is installed, it can be enabled /
disabled through the "bluetooth_enable" thinkpad-acpi device
attribute, and its current status can also be queried.
enable:
- 0: disables Bluetooth / Bluetooth is disabled
- 1: enables Bluetooth / Bluetooth is enabled.
Note: this interface has been superseded by the generic rfkill
class. It has been deprecated, and it will be removed in year
2010.
rfkill controller switch "tpacpi_bluetooth_sw": refer to
Documentation/driver-api/rfkill.rst for details.
Video output control -- /proc/acpi/ibm/video
--------------------------------------------
This feature allows control over the devices used for video output -
LCD, CRT or DVI (if available). The following commands are available::
echo lcd_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo lcd_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo crt_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo crt_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo dvi_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo dvi_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo auto_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo auto_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo expand_toggle > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
NOTE:
Access to this feature is restricted to processes owning the
CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability for safety reasons, as it can interact badly
enough with some versions of X.org to crash it.
Each video output device can be enabled or disabled individually.
Reading /proc/acpi/ibm/video shows the status of each device.
Automatic video switching can be enabled or disabled. When automatic
video switching is enabled, certain events (e.g. opening the lid,
docking or undocking) cause the video output device to change
automatically. While this can be useful, it also causes flickering
and, on the X40, video corruption. By disabling automatic switching,
the flickering or video corruption can be avoided.
The video_switch command cycles through the available video outputs
(it simulates the behavior of Fn-F7).
Video expansion can be toggled through this feature. This controls
whether the display is expanded to fill the entire LCD screen when a
mode with less than full resolution is used. Note that the current
video expansion status cannot be determined through this feature.
Note that on many models (particularly those using Radeon graphics
chips) the X driver configures the video card in a way which prevents
Fn-F7 from working. This also disables the video output switching
features of this driver, as it uses the same ACPI methods as
Fn-F7. Video switching on the console should still work.
UPDATE: refer to https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2000
ThinkLight control
------------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/light
sysfs attributes: as per LED class, for the "tpacpi::thinklight" LED
procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The ThinkLight status can be read and set through the procfs interface. A
few models which do not make the status available will show the ThinkLight
status as "unknown". The available commands are::
echo on > /proc/acpi/ibm/light
echo off > /proc/acpi/ibm/light
sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
The ThinkLight sysfs interface is documented by the LED class
documentation, in Documentation/leds/leds-class.rst. The ThinkLight LED name
is "tpacpi::thinklight".
Due to limitations in the sysfs LED class, if the status of the ThinkLight
cannot be read or if it is unknown, thinkpad-acpi will report it as "off".
It is impossible to know if the status returned through sysfs is valid.
CMOS/UCMS control
-----------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/cmos
sysfs device attribute: cmos_command
This feature is mostly used internally by the ACPI firmware to keep the legacy
CMOS NVRAM bits in sync with the current machine state, and to record this
state so that the ThinkPad will retain such settings across reboots.
Some of these commands actually perform actions in some ThinkPad models, but
this is expected to disappear more and more in newer models. As an example, in
a T43 and in a X40, commands 12 and 13 still control the ThinkLight state for
real, but commands 0 to 2 don't control the mixer anymore (they have been
phased out) and just update the NVRAM.
The range of valid cmos command numbers is 0 to 21, but not all have an
effect and the behavior varies from model to model. Here is the behavior
on the X40 (tpb is the ThinkPad Buttons utility):
- 0 - Related to "Volume down" key press
- 1 - Related to "Volume up" key press
- 2 - Related to "Mute on" key press
- 3 - Related to "Access IBM" key press
- 4 - Related to "LCD brightness up" key press
- 5 - Related to "LCD brightness down" key press
- 11 - Related to "toggle screen expansion" key press/function
- 12 - Related to "ThinkLight on"
- 13 - Related to "ThinkLight off"
- 14 - Related to "ThinkLight" key press (toggle ThinkLight)
The cmos command interface is prone to firmware split-brain problems, as
in newer ThinkPads it is just a compatibility layer. Do not use it, it is
exported just as a debug tool.
LED control
-----------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/led
sysfs attributes: as per LED class, see below for names
Some of the LED indicators can be controlled through this feature. On
some older ThinkPad models, it is possible to query the status of the
LED indicators as well. Newer ThinkPads cannot query the real status
of the LED indicators.
Because misuse of the LEDs could induce an unaware user to perform
dangerous actions (like undocking or ejecting a bay device while the
buses are still active), or mask an important alarm (such as a nearly
empty battery, or a broken battery), access to most LEDs is
restricted.
Unrestricted access to all LEDs requires that thinkpad-acpi be
compiled with the CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI_UNSAFE_LEDS option enabled.
Distributions must never enable this option. Individual users that
are aware of the consequences are welcome to enabling it.
Audio mute and microphone mute LEDs are supported, but currently not
visible to userspace. They are used by the snd-hda-intel audio driver.
procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The available commands are::
echo '<LED number> on' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led
echo '<LED number> off' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led
echo '<LED number> blink' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led
The <LED number> range is 0 to 15. The set of LEDs that can be
controlled varies from model to model. Here is the common ThinkPad
mapping:
- 0 - power
- 1 - battery (orange)
- 2 - battery (green)
- 3 - UltraBase/dock
- 4 - UltraBay
- 5 - UltraBase battery slot
- 6 - (unknown)
- 7 - standby
- 8 - dock status 1
- 9 - dock status 2
- 10, 11 - (unknown)
- 12 - thinkvantage
- 13, 14, 15 - (unknown)
All of the above can be turned on and off and can be made to blink.
sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
The ThinkPad LED sysfs interface is described in detail by the LED class
documentation, in Documentation/leds/leds-class.rst.
The LEDs are named (in LED ID order, from 0 to 12):
"tpacpi::power", "tpacpi:orange:batt", "tpacpi:green:batt",
"tpacpi::dock_active", "tpacpi::bay_active", "tpacpi::dock_batt",
"tpacpi::unknown_led", "tpacpi::standby", "tpacpi::dock_status1",
"tpacpi::dock_status2", "tpacpi::unknown_led2", "tpacpi::unknown_led3",
"tpacpi::thinkvantage".
Due to limitations in the sysfs LED class, if the status of the LED
indicators cannot be read due to an error, thinkpad-acpi will report it as
a brightness of zero (same as LED off).
If the thinkpad firmware doesn't support reading the current status,
trying to read the current LED brightness will just return whatever
brightness was last written to that attribute.
These LEDs can blink using hardware acceleration. To request that a
ThinkPad indicator LED should blink in hardware accelerated mode, use the
"timer" trigger, and leave the delay_on and delay_off parameters set to
zero (to request hardware acceleration autodetection).
LEDs that are known not to exist in a given ThinkPad model are not
made available through the sysfs interface. If you have a dock and you
notice there are LEDs listed for your ThinkPad that do not exist (and
are not in the dock), or if you notice that there are missing LEDs,
a report to [email protected] is appreciated.
ACPI sounds -- /proc/acpi/ibm/beep
----------------------------------
The BEEP method is used internally by the ACPI firmware to provide
audible alerts in various situations. This feature allows the same
sounds to be triggered manually.
The commands are non-negative integer numbers::
echo <number> >/proc/acpi/ibm/beep
The valid <number> range is 0 to 17. Not all numbers trigger sounds
and the sounds vary from model to model. Here is the behavior on the
X40:
- 0 - stop a sound in progress (but use 17 to stop 16)
- 2 - two beeps, pause, third beep ("low battery")
- 3 - single beep
- 4 - high, followed by low-pitched beep ("unable")
- 5 - single beep
- 6 - very high, followed by high-pitched beep ("AC/DC")
- 7 - high-pitched beep
- 9 - three short beeps
- 10 - very long beep
- 12 - low-pitched beep
- 15 - three high-pitched beeps repeating constantly, stop with 0
- 16 - one medium-pitched beep repeating constantly, stop with 17
- 17 - stop 16
Temperature sensors
-------------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/thermal
sysfs device attributes: (hwmon "thinkpad") temp*_input
Most ThinkPads include six or more separate temperature sensors but only
expose the CPU temperature through the standard ACPI methods. This
feature shows readings from up to eight different sensors on older
ThinkPads, and up to sixteen different sensors on newer ThinkPads.
For example, on the X40, a typical output may be:
temperatures:
42 42 45 41 36 -128 33 -128
On the T43/p, a typical output may be:
temperatures:
48 48 36 52 38 -128 31 -128 48 52 48 -128 -128 -128 -128 -128
The mapping of thermal sensors to physical locations varies depending on
system-board model (and thus, on ThinkPad model).
https://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors is a public wiki page that
tries to track down these locations for various models.
Most (newer?) models seem to follow this pattern:
- 1: CPU
- 2: (depends on model)
- 3: (depends on model)
- 4: GPU
- 5: Main battery: main sensor
- 6: Bay battery: main sensor
- 7: Main battery: secondary sensor
- 8: Bay battery: secondary sensor
- 9-15: (depends on model)
For the R51 (source: Thomas Gruber):
- 2: Mini-PCI
- 3: Internal HDD
For the T43, T43/p (source: Shmidoax/Thinkwiki.org)
https://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors#ThinkPad_T43.2C_T43p
- 2: System board, left side (near PCMCIA slot), reported as HDAPS temp
- 3: PCMCIA slot
- 9: MCH (northbridge) to DRAM Bus
- 10: Clock-generator, mini-pci card and ICH (southbridge), under Mini-PCI
card, under touchpad
- 11: Power regulator, underside of system board, below F2 key
The A31 has a very atypical layout for the thermal sensors
(source: Milos Popovic, https://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors#ThinkPad_A31)
- 1: CPU
- 2: Main Battery: main sensor
- 3: Power Converter
- 4: Bay Battery: main sensor
- 5: MCH (northbridge)
- 6: PCMCIA/ambient
- 7: Main Battery: secondary sensor
- 8: Bay Battery: secondary sensor
Procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Readings from sensors that are not available return -128.
No commands can be written to this file.
Sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
Sensors that are not available return the ENXIO error. This
status may change at runtime, as there are hotplug thermal
sensors, like those inside the batteries and docks.
thinkpad-acpi thermal sensors are reported through the hwmon
subsystem, and follow all of the hwmon guidelines at
Documentation/hwmon.
EXPERIMENTAL: Embedded controller register dump
-----------------------------------------------
This feature is not included in the thinkpad driver anymore.
Instead the EC can be accessed through /sys/kernel/debug/ec with
a userspace tool which can be found here:
ftp://ftp.suse.com/pub/people/trenn/sources/ec
Use it to determine the register holding the fan
speed on some models. To do that, do the following:
- make sure the battery is fully charged
- make sure the fan is running
- use above mentioned tool to read out the EC
Often fan and temperature values vary between
readings. Since temperatures don't change vary fast, you can take
several quick dumps to eliminate them.
You can use a similar method to figure out the meaning of other
embedded controller registers - e.g. make sure nothing else changes
except the charging or discharging battery to determine which
registers contain the current battery capacity, etc. If you experiment
with this, do send me your results (including some complete dumps with
a description of the conditions when they were taken.)
LCD brightness control
----------------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/brightness
sysfs backlight device "thinkpad_screen"
This feature allows software control of the LCD brightness on ThinkPad
models which don't have a hardware brightness slider.
It has some limitations: the LCD backlight cannot be actually turned
on or off by this interface, it just controls the backlight brightness
level.
On IBM (and some of the earlier Lenovo) ThinkPads, the backlight control
has eight brightness levels, ranging from 0 to 7. Some of the levels
may not be distinct. Later Lenovo models that implement the ACPI
display backlight brightness control methods have 16 levels, ranging
from 0 to 15.
For IBM ThinkPads, there are two interfaces to the firmware for direct
brightness control, EC and UCMS (or CMOS). To select which one should be
used, use the brightness_mode module parameter: brightness_mode=1 selects
EC mode, brightness_mode=2 selects UCMS mode, brightness_mode=3 selects EC
mode with NVRAM backing (so that brightness changes are remembered across
shutdown/reboot).
The driver tries to select which interface to use from a table of
defaults for each ThinkPad model. If it makes a wrong choice, please
report this as a bug, so that we can fix it.
Lenovo ThinkPads only support brightness_mode=2 (UCMS).
When display backlight brightness controls are available through the
standard ACPI interface, it is best to use it instead of this direct
ThinkPad-specific interface. The driver will disable its native
backlight brightness control interface if it detects that the standard
ACPI interface is available in the ThinkPad.
If you want to use the thinkpad-acpi backlight brightness control
instead of the generic ACPI video backlight brightness control for some
reason, you should use the acpi_backlight=vendor kernel parameter.
The brightness_enable module parameter can be used to control whether
the LCD brightness control feature will be enabled when available.
brightness_enable=0 forces it to be disabled. brightness_enable=1
forces it to be enabled when available, even if the standard ACPI
interface is also available.
Procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The available commands are::
echo up >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness
echo down >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness
echo 'level <level>' >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness
Sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
The interface is implemented through the backlight sysfs class, which is
poorly documented at this time.
Locate the thinkpad_screen device under /sys/class/backlight, and inside
it there will be the following attributes:
max_brightness:
Reads the maximum brightness the hardware can be set to.
The minimum is always zero.
actual_brightness:
Reads what brightness the screen is set to at this instant.
brightness:
Writes request the driver to change brightness to the
given value. Reads will tell you what brightness the
driver is trying to set the display to when "power" is set
to zero and the display has not been dimmed by a kernel
power management event.
power:
power management mode, where 0 is "display on", and 1 to 3
will dim the display backlight to brightness level 0
because thinkpad-acpi cannot really turn the backlight
off. Kernel power management events can temporarily
increase the current power management level, i.e. they can
dim the display.
WARNING:
Whatever you do, do NOT ever call thinkpad-acpi backlight-level change
interface and the ACPI-based backlight level change interface
(available on newer BIOSes, and driven by the Linux ACPI video driver)
at the same time. The two will interact in bad ways, do funny things,
and maybe reduce the life of the backlight lamps by needlessly kicking
its level up and down at every change.
Volume control (Console Audio control)
--------------------------------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/volume
ALSA: "ThinkPad Console Audio Control", default ID: "ThinkPadEC"
NOTE: by default, the volume control interface operates in read-only
mode, as it is supposed to be used for on-screen-display purposes.
The read/write mode can be enabled through the use of the
"volume_control=1" module parameter.
NOTE: distros are urged to not enable volume_control by default, this
should be done by the local admin only. The ThinkPad UI is for the
console audio control to be done through the volume keys only, and for
the desktop environment to just provide on-screen-display feedback.
Software volume control should be done only in the main AC97/HDA
mixer.
About the ThinkPad Console Audio control
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
ThinkPads have a built-in amplifier and muting circuit that drives the
console headphone and speakers. This circuit is after the main AC97
or HDA mixer in the audio path, and under exclusive control of the
firmware.
ThinkPads have three special hotkeys to interact with the console
audio control: volume up, volume down and mute.
It is worth noting that the normal way the mute function works (on
ThinkPads that do not have a "mute LED") is:
1. Press mute to mute. It will *always* mute, you can press it as
many times as you want, and the sound will remain mute.
2. Press either volume key to unmute the ThinkPad (it will _not_
change the volume, it will just unmute).
This is a very superior design when compared to the cheap software-only
mute-toggle solution found on normal consumer laptops: you can be
absolutely sure the ThinkPad will not make noise if you press the mute
button, no matter the previous state.
The IBM ThinkPads, and the earlier Lenovo ThinkPads have variable-gain
amplifiers driving the speakers and headphone output, and the firmware
also handles volume control for the headphone and speakers on these
ThinkPads without any help from the operating system (this volume
control stage exists after the main AC97 or HDA mixer in the audio
path).
The newer Lenovo models only have firmware mute control, and depend on
the main HDA mixer to do volume control (which is done by the operating
system). In this case, the volume keys are filtered out for unmute
key press (there are some firmware bugs in this area) and delivered as
normal key presses to the operating system (thinkpad-acpi is not
involved).
The ThinkPad-ACPI volume control
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The preferred way to interact with the Console Audio control is the
ALSA interface.
The legacy procfs interface allows one to read the current state,
and if volume control is enabled, accepts the following commands::
echo up >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo down >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo mute >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo unmute >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo 'level <level>' >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
The <level> number range is 0 to 14 although not all of them may be
distinct. To unmute the volume after the mute command, use either the
up or down command (the level command will not unmute the volume), or
the unmute command.
You can use the volume_capabilities parameter to tell the driver
whether your thinkpad has volume control or mute-only control:
volume_capabilities=1 for mixers with mute and volume control,
volume_capabilities=2 for mixers with only mute control.
If the driver misdetects the capabilities for your ThinkPad model,
please report this to [email protected], so that we
can update the driver.
There are two strategies for volume control. To select which one
should be used, use the volume_mode module parameter: volume_mode=1
selects EC mode, and volume_mode=3 selects EC mode with NVRAM backing
(so that volume/mute changes are remembered across shutdown/reboot).
The driver will operate in volume_mode=3 by default. If that does not
work well on your ThinkPad model, please report this to
The driver supports the standard ALSA module parameters. If the ALSA
mixer is disabled, the driver will disable all volume functionality.
Fan control and monitoring: fan speed, fan enable/disable
---------------------------------------------------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
sysfs device attributes: (hwmon "thinkpad") fan1_input, pwm1, pwm1_enable, fan2_input
sysfs hwmon driver attributes: fan_watchdog
NOTE NOTE NOTE:
fan control operations are disabled by default for
safety reasons. To enable them, the module parameter "fan_control=1"
must be given to thinkpad-acpi.
This feature attempts to show the current fan speed, control mode and
other fan data that might be available. The speed is read directly
from the hardware registers of the embedded controller. This is known
to work on later R, T, X and Z series ThinkPads but may show a bogus
value on other models.
Some Lenovo ThinkPads support a secondary fan. This fan cannot be
controlled separately, it shares the main fan control.
Fan levels
^^^^^^^^^^
Most ThinkPad fans work in "levels" at the firmware interface. Level 0
stops the fan. The higher the level, the higher the fan speed, although
adjacent levels often map to the same fan speed. 7 is the highest
level, where the fan reaches the maximum recommended speed.
Level "auto" means the EC changes the fan level according to some
internal algorithm, usually based on readings from the thermal sensors.
There is also a "full-speed" level, also known as "disengaged" level.
In this level, the EC disables the speed-locked closed-loop fan control,
and drives the fan as fast as it can go, which might exceed hardware
limits, so use this level with caution.
The fan usually ramps up or down slowly from one speed to another, and
it is normal for the EC to take several seconds to react to fan
commands. The full-speed level may take up to two minutes to ramp up to
maximum speed, and in some ThinkPads, the tachometer readings go stale
while the EC is transitioning to the full-speed level.
WARNING WARNING WARNING: do not leave the fan disabled unless you are
monitoring all of the temperature sensor readings and you are ready to
enable it if necessary to avoid overheating.
An enabled fan in level "auto" may stop spinning if the EC decides the
ThinkPad is cool enough and doesn't need the extra airflow. This is
normal, and the EC will spin the fan up if the various thermal readings
rise too much.
On the X40, this seems to depend on the CPU and HDD temperatures.
Specifically, the fan is turned on when either the CPU temperature
climbs to 56 degrees or the HDD temperature climbs to 46 degrees. The
fan is turned off when the CPU temperature drops to 49 degrees and the
HDD temperature drops to 41 degrees. These thresholds cannot
currently be controlled.
The ThinkPad's ACPI DSDT code will reprogram the fan on its own when
certain conditions are met. It will override any fan programming done
through thinkpad-acpi.
The thinkpad-acpi kernel driver can be programmed to revert the fan
level to a safe setting if userspace does not issue one of the procfs
fan commands: "enable", "disable", "level" or "watchdog", or if there
are no writes to pwm1_enable (or to pwm1 *if and only if* pwm1_enable is
set to 1, manual mode) within a configurable amount of time of up to
120 seconds. This functionality is called fan safety watchdog.
Note that the watchdog timer stops after it enables the fan. It will be
rearmed again automatically (using the same interval) when one of the
above mentioned fan commands is received. The fan watchdog is,
therefore, not suitable to protect against fan mode changes made through
means other than the "enable", "disable", and "level" procfs fan
commands, or the hwmon fan control sysfs interface.
Procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The fan may be enabled or disabled with the following commands::
echo enable >/proc/acpi/ibm/fan
echo disable >/proc/acpi/ibm/fan
Placing a fan on level 0 is the same as disabling it. Enabling a fan
will try to place it in a safe level if it is too slow or disabled.
The fan level can be controlled with the command::
echo 'level <level>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
Where <level> is an integer from 0 to 7, or one of the words "auto" or
"full-speed" (without the quotes). Not all ThinkPads support the "auto"
and "full-speed" levels. The driver accepts "disengaged" as an alias for
"full-speed", and reports it as "disengaged" for backwards
compatibility.
On the X31 and X40 (and ONLY on those models), the fan speed can be
controlled to a certain degree. Once the fan is running, it can be
forced to run faster or slower with the following command::
echo 'speed <speed>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
The sustainable range of fan speeds on the X40 appears to be from about
3700 to about 7350. Values outside this range either do not have any
effect or the fan speed eventually settles somewhere in that range. The
fan cannot be stopped or started with this command. This functionality
is incomplete, and not available through the sysfs interface.
To program the safety watchdog, use the "watchdog" command::
echo 'watchdog <interval in seconds>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan
If you want to disable the watchdog, use 0 as the interval.
Sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
The sysfs interface follows the hwmon subsystem guidelines for the most
part, and the exception is the fan safety watchdog.
Writes to any of the sysfs attributes may return the EINVAL error if
that operation is not supported in a given ThinkPad or if the parameter
is out-of-bounds, and EPERM if it is forbidden. They may also return
EINTR (interrupted system call), and EIO (I/O error while trying to talk
to the firmware).
Features not yet implemented by the driver return ENOSYS.
hwmon device attribute pwm1_enable:
- 0: PWM offline (fan is set to full-speed mode)
- 1: Manual PWM control (use pwm1 to set fan level)
- 2: Hardware PWM control (EC "auto" mode)
- 3: reserved (Software PWM control, not implemented yet)
Modes 0 and 2 are not supported by all ThinkPads, and the
driver is not always able to detect this. If it does know a
mode is unsupported, it will return -EINVAL.
hwmon device attribute pwm1:
Fan level, scaled from the firmware values of 0-7 to the hwmon
scale of 0-255. 0 means fan stopped, 255 means highest normal
speed (level 7).
This attribute only commands the fan if pmw1_enable is set to 1
(manual PWM control).
hwmon device attribute fan1_input:
Fan tachometer reading, in RPM. May go stale on certain
ThinkPads while the EC transitions the PWM to offline mode,
which can take up to two minutes. May return rubbish on older
ThinkPads.
hwmon device attribute fan2_input:
Fan tachometer reading, in RPM, for the secondary fan.
Available only on some ThinkPads. If the secondary fan is
not installed, will always read 0.
hwmon driver attribute fan_watchdog:
Fan safety watchdog timer interval, in seconds. Minimum is
1 second, maximum is 120 seconds. 0 disables the watchdog.
To stop the fan: set pwm1 to zero, and pwm1_enable to 1.
To start the fan in a safe mode: set pwm1_enable to 2. If that fails
with EINVAL, try to set pwm1_enable to 1 and pwm1 to at least 128 (255
would be the safest choice, though).
WAN
---
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/wan
sysfs device attribute: wwan_enable (deprecated)
sysfs rfkill class: switch "tpacpi_wwan_sw"
This feature shows the presence and current state of the built-in
Wireless WAN device.
If the ThinkPad supports it, the WWAN state is stored in NVRAM,
so it is kept across reboots and power-off.
It was tested on a Lenovo ThinkPad X60. It should probably work on other
ThinkPad models which come with this module installed.
Procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
If the W-WAN card is installed, the following commands can be used::
echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/wan
echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/wan
Sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
If the W-WAN card is installed, it can be enabled /
disabled through the "wwan_enable" thinkpad-acpi device
attribute, and its current status can also be queried.
enable:
- 0: disables WWAN card / WWAN card is disabled
- 1: enables WWAN card / WWAN card is enabled.
Note: this interface has been superseded by the generic rfkill
class. It has been deprecated, and it will be removed in year
2010.
rfkill controller switch "tpacpi_wwan_sw": refer to
Documentation/driver-api/rfkill.rst for details.
LCD Shadow control
------------------
procfs: /proc/acpi/ibm/lcdshadow
Some newer T480s and T490s ThinkPads provide a feature called
PrivacyGuard. By turning this feature on, the usable vertical and
horizontal viewing angles of the LCD can be limited (as if some privacy
screen was applied manually in front of the display).
procfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The available commands are::
echo '0' >/proc/acpi/ibm/lcdshadow
echo '1' >/proc/acpi/ibm/lcdshadow
The first command ensures the best viewing angle and the latter one turns
on the feature, restricting the viewing angles.
DYTC Lapmode sensor
-------------------
sysfs: dytc_lapmode
Newer thinkpads and mobile workstations have the ability to determine if
the device is in deskmode or lapmode. This feature is used by user space
to decide if WWAN transmission can be increased to maximum power and is
also useful for understanding the different thermal modes available as
they differ between desk and lap mode.
The property is read-only. If the platform doesn't have support the sysfs
class is not created.
EXPERIMENTAL: UWB
-----------------
This feature is considered EXPERIMENTAL because it has not been extensively
tested and validated in various ThinkPad models yet. The feature may not
work as expected. USE WITH CAUTION! To use this feature, you need to supply
the experimental=1 parameter when loading the module.
sysfs rfkill class: switch "tpacpi_uwb_sw"
This feature exports an rfkill controller for the UWB device, if one is
present and enabled in the BIOS.
Sysfs notes
^^^^^^^^^^^
rfkill controller switch "tpacpi_uwb_sw": refer to
Documentation/driver-api/rfkill.rst for details.
Setting keyboard language
-------------------------
sysfs: keyboard_lang
This feature is used to set keyboard language to ECFW using ASL interface.
Fewer thinkpads models like T580 , T590 , T15 Gen 1 etc.. has "=", "(',
")" numeric keys, which are not displaying correctly, when keyboard language
is other than "english". This is because the default keyboard language in ECFW
is set as "english". Hence using this sysfs, user can set the correct keyboard
language to ECFW and then these key's will work correctly.
Example of command to set keyboard language is mentioned below::
echo jp > /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/keyboard_lang
Text corresponding to keyboard layout to be set in sysfs are: be(Belgian),
cz(Czech), da(Danish), de(German), en(English), es(Spain), et(Estonian),
fr(French), fr-ch(French(Switzerland)), hu(Hungarian), it(Italy), jp (Japan),
nl(Dutch), nn(Norway), pl(Polish), pt(portuguese), sl(Slovenian), sv(Sweden),
tr(Turkey)
WWAN Antenna type
-----------------
sysfs: wwan_antenna_type
On some newer Thinkpads we need to set SAR value based on the antenna
type. This interface will be used by userspace to get the antenna type
and set the corresponding SAR value, as is required for FCC certification.
The available commands are::
cat /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/wwan_antenna_type
Currently 2 antenna types are supported as mentioned below:
- type a
- type b
The property is read-only. If the platform doesn't have support the sysfs
class is not created.
Auxmac
------
sysfs: auxmac
Some newer Thinkpads have a feature called MAC Address Pass-through. This
feature is implemented by the system firmware to provide a system unique MAC,
that can override a dock or USB ethernet dongle MAC, when connected to a
network. This property enables user-space to easily determine the MAC address
if the feature is enabled.
The values of this auxiliary MAC are:
cat /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/auxmac
If the feature is disabled, the value will be 'disabled'.
This property is read-only.
Adaptive keyboard
-----------------
sysfs device attribute: adaptive_kbd_mode
This sysfs attribute controls the keyboard "face" that will be shown on the
Lenovo X1 Carbon 2nd gen (2014)'s adaptive keyboard. The value can be read
and set.
- 0 = Home mode
- 1 = Web-browser mode
- 2 = Web-conference mode
- 3 = Function mode
- 4 = Layflat mode
For more details about which buttons will appear depending on the mode, please
review the laptop's user guide:
https://download.lenovo.com/ibmdl/pub/pc/pccbbs/mobiles_pdf/x1carbon_2_ug_en.pdf
Battery charge control
----------------------
sysfs attributes:
/sys/class/power_supply/BAT*/charge_control_{start,end}_threshold
These two attributes are created for those batteries that are supported by the
driver. They enable the user to control the battery charge thresholds of the
given battery. Both values may be read and set. `charge_control_start_threshold`
accepts an integer between 0 and 99 (inclusive); this value represents a battery
percentage level, below which charging will begin. `charge_control_end_threshold`
accepts an integer between 1 and 100 (inclusive); this value represents a battery
percentage level, above which charging will stop.
The exact semantics of the attributes may be found in
Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-power.
Multiple Commands, Module Parameters
------------------------------------
Multiple commands can be written to the proc files in one shot by
separating them with commas, for example::
echo enable,0xffff > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey
echo lcd_disable,crt_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
Commands can also be specified when loading the thinkpad-acpi module,
for example::
modprobe thinkpad_acpi hotkey=enable,0xffff video=auto_disable
Enabling debugging output
-------------------------
The module takes a debug parameter which can be used to selectively
enable various classes of debugging output, for example::
modprobe thinkpad_acpi debug=0xffff
will enable all debugging output classes. It takes a bitmask, so
to enable more than one output class, just add their values.
============= ======================================
Debug bitmask Description
============= ======================================
0x8000 Disclose PID of userspace programs
accessing some functions of the driver
0x0001 Initialization and probing
0x0002 Removal
0x0004 RF Transmitter control (RFKILL)
(bluetooth, WWAN, UWB...)
0x0008 HKEY event interface, hotkeys
0x0010 Fan control
0x0020 Backlight brightness
0x0040 Audio mixer/volume control
============= ======================================
There is also a kernel build option to enable more debugging
information, which may be necessary to debug driver problems.
The level of debugging information output by the driver can be changed
at runtime through sysfs, using the driver attribute debug_level. The
attribute takes the same bitmask as the debug module parameter above.
Force loading of module
-----------------------
If thinkpad-acpi refuses to detect your ThinkPad, you can try to specify
the module parameter force_load=1. Regardless of whether this works or
not, please contact [email protected] with a report.
Sysfs interface changelog
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
========= ===============================================================
0x000100: Initial sysfs support, as a single platform driver and
device.
0x000200: Hot key support for 32 hot keys, and radio slider switch
support.
0x010000: Hot keys are now handled by default over the input
layer, the radio switch generates input event EV_RADIO,
and the driver enables hot key handling by default in
the firmware.
0x020000: ABI fix: added a separate hwmon platform device and
driver, which must be located by name (thinkpad)
and the hwmon class for libsensors4 (lm-sensors 3)
compatibility. Moved all hwmon attributes to this
new platform device.
0x020100: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling
support. If you must, use it to know you should not
start a userspace NVRAM poller (allows to detect when
NVRAM is compiled out by the user because it is
unneeded/undesired in the first place).
0x020101: Marker for thinkpad-acpi with hot key NVRAM polling
and proper hotkey_mask semantics (version 8 of the
NVRAM polling patch). Some development snapshots of
0.18 had an earlier version that did strange things
to hotkey_mask.
0x020200: Add poll()/select() support to the following attributes:
hotkey_radio_sw, wakeup_hotunplug_complete, wakeup_reason
0x020300: hotkey enable/disable support removed, attributes
hotkey_bios_enabled and hotkey_enable deprecated and
marked for removal.
0x020400: Marker for 16 LEDs support. Also, LEDs that are known
to not exist in a given model are not registered with
the LED sysfs class anymore.
0x020500: Updated hotkey driver, hotkey_mask is always available
and it is always able to disable hot keys. Very old
thinkpads are properly supported. hotkey_bios_mask
is deprecated and marked for removal.
0x020600: Marker for backlight change event support.
0x020700: Support for mute-only mixers.
Volume control in read-only mode by default.
Marker for ALSA mixer support.
0x030000: Thermal and fan sysfs attributes were moved to the hwmon
device instead of being attached to the backing platform
device.
========= ===============================================================
3. 한국어 전문 번역
영어 원문의 문단 순서와 의미를 유지한 전체 번역입니다. 코드, 함수명, symbol과 URL은 원문 표기를 유지합니다.
ThinkPad ACPI Extras driver 개요
1-31Version 0.25, 2013년 10월 16일 문서입니다.
작성자는 Borislav Deianov <[email protected]>와 Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <[email protected]>입니다.
이 Linux driver는 IBM 및 Lenovo ThinkPad laptop을 위한 것입니다. ACPI와 ACPI EC framework를 통해 접근할 수 있지만 generic Linux ACPI driver가 충분히 지원하지 못하는 여러 기능을 제공합니다.
이 driver의 이름은 kernel 2.6.21 및 release 0.13-20070314까지 `ibm-acpi`였습니다. kernel 2.6.22와 release 0.14에서 `drivers/acpi`에서 `drivers/misc`로 이동하며 `thinkpad-acpi`로 바뀌었고, kernel 2.6.29와 release 0.22에서 다시 `drivers/platform/x86`으로 이동했습니다.
정식 driver 이름은 `thinkpad-acpi`입니다. userspace 문제 때문에 module 이름과 log message 등 일부 위치에서는 `thinkpad_acpi`를 사용합니다. 일부 Linux kernel version의 길이 제한 때문에 `thinkpad-acpi`가 너무 긴 곳에서는 `tpacpi`를 줄임말로 사용합니다.
지원 상태와 문제 보고
32-72현재 지원 기능은 다음과 같습니다.
| 기능 | 상태·범위 |
|---|---|
| Fn key 조합 | 지원 |
| Bluetooth | enable·disable |
| video output | switching·expansion control |
| ThinkLight | on·off |
| CMOS/UCMS | control |
| LED | control |
| ACPI sound | control |
| temperature sensor | monitoring |
| embedded controller register dump | experimental |
| LCD brightness | control |
| volume | control |
| fan | speed monitoring·enable·disable |
| WAN | enable·disable |
| UWB | enable·disable |
| LCD Shadow (PrivacyGuard) | enable·disable |
| Lap mode sensor | 지원 |
| keyboard language | 설정 |
| WWAN Antenna type | 조회 |
| Auxmac | 지원 |
model별 feature compatibility table은 `http://ibm-acpi.sf.net/`에서 관리합니다. 성공·실패 보고, 특히 표를 보완하거나 고치는 보고를 환영합니다.
보고에는 ThinkPad model name, `acpidump`로 얻은 ACPI table 사본, serial number와 UUID를 가린 `dmidecode` output, 동작하는 기능과 동작하지 않는 기능, 실패 기능에서 관찰한 동작을 포함하십시오. 그 밖의 comment와 patch도 환영합니다.
Kernel configuration
73-81Linux kernel source에 포함된 driver를 compile할 때는 `CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI` Kconfig option을 찾으십시오. menu 경로는 `Device Drivers` -> `X86 Platform Specific Device Drivers` -> `ThinkPad ACPI Laptop Extras`입니다.
procfs·sysfs interface
82-136driver는 기능 접근을 위해 userspace에 두 interface를 export합니다. 하나는 앞으로 제거될 legacy procfs interface이고, 다른 하나는 아직 완전하지 않은 새 sysfs interface입니다.
procfs interface는 `/proc/acpi/ibm` directory를 만들고 지원 기능마다 file 하나를 둡니다. 이 interface는 사실상 동결되어 거의 바뀌지 않으며 새 기능도 추가하지 않습니다. 앞으로의 새 기능은 sysfs interface에 구현합니다.
sysfs interface는 가능한 한 generic Linux sysfs subsystem과 class에 통합됩니다. 일부 subsystem이 아직 준비되거나 안정화되지 않았으므로 interface가 바뀔 수 있으며 모든 userspace program은 이를 처리해야 합니다.
procfs와 달리 sysfs interface와 통신할 때의 정확성, 그리고 thinkpad-acpi의 sysfs 구현 정확성을 엄격히 적용합니다. driver code 또는 구현의 bug는 interface를 호환되지 않게 바꿔야 하더라도 최대한 올바르게 고칩니다. kernel과 thinkpad-acpi 양쪽 interface가 성숙하면 이런 변경은 드물어질 것입니다.
application은 모든 sysfs guideline을 따르고 error를 정확히 처리해야 합니다. sysfs inode에 대한 file descriptor와 open/close operation도 올바르게 구현해야 합니다. thinkpad-acpi sysfs interface version은 아래 설명처럼 driver attribute로 export됩니다.
| 종류 | 위치·탐색 방법 |
|---|---|
| sysfs driver attribute | kernel 2.6.23 이상에서 `/sys/bus/platform/drivers/thinkpad_acpi/` 및 `/sys/bus/platform/drivers/thinkpad_hwmon/` |
| thinkpad_acpi device attribute | kernel 2.6.23 이상에서 `/sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/` |
| sensor·fan attribute | `name` attribute가 `thinkpad`인 hwmon device를 찾거나, 더 바람직하게는 `libsensors`를 사용합니다. |
| kernel 4.14 이상 hwmon attribute | `/sys/bus/platform/devices/thinkpad_hwmon/hwmon/hwmon?` 또는 `/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon?` |
Driver·sysfs interface version
137-182`/proc/acpi/ibm/driver`와 sysfs driver attribute `version`은 driver name과 version을 제공합니다. 이 file에는 command를 쓸 수 없습니다.
sysfs driver attribute `interface_version`은 thinkpad-acpi sysfs interface version을 unsigned long 값 `0xAAAABBCC` 형식의 16진수로 제공합니다.
| field | 의미 |
|---|---|
| AAAA | major revision |
| BB | minor revision |
| CC | bugfix revision |
driver의 sysfs interface changelog는 이 문서 끝에 있습니다. kernel subsystem이 수행한 sysfs 변경은 여기서 문서화하지 않으며 이 attribute로 추적하지도 않습니다.
thinkpad-acpi sysfs 변경은 Linux mainline에 제출된 시점부터만 non-experimental로 간주합니다. 그때 interface 변경을 문서화하고 필요하면 `interface_version`을 갱신합니다. mainline merge 전 기능은 사용자의 책임으로 사용해야 하며, merge될 때 없어지거나 호환되지 않는 방식으로 다시 구현될 수 있습니다.
새 attribute 추가처럼 본질적으로 backward-compatible인 변경은 항상 `interface_version`을 갱신하지는 않습니다. 따라서 특정 attribute가 없을 수 있음을 예상하고 올바르게 처리해야 합니다. attribute가 없다는 것은 해당 기능을 sysfs에서 제공하지 않는다는 유효한 표현입니다.
Hot key와 event mask
183-234procfs interface는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey`, sysfs device attribute는 `hotkey_*`입니다. ThinkPad의 ACPI HKEY handler는 중요한 event와 keyboard hot key press를 OS에 전달합니다. thinkpad-acpi hotkey 기능을 enable하면 이런 driver가 존재함을 firmware에 알리고 여러 상황에서 firmware 동작을 바꿉니다.
driver는 load될 때 HKEY event reporting을 자동으로 enable하고 제거될 때 disable합니다. HKEY event는 다음 형식입니다.
ibm/hotkey HKEY 00000080 0000xxxx이 event 중 일부만 hot key press입니다. driver는 hot key와 radio switch를 input layer로, 그 밖의 event를 ACPI netlink layer로 전달합니다. input layer는 각 hot key에 배정한 keycode를 remap하는 standard IOCTL을 지원합니다.
hot key bit mask로 어떤 key가 event를 만들지 일부 제어할 수 있습니다. mask에서 bit가 0인 `masked` key는 firmware가 처리합니다. bit가 설정된 `unmasked` key는 thinkpad-acpi가 처리하고 싶음을 firmware에 알리지만 firmware가 허용하지 않는 경우가 많습니다.
mask의 모든 bit를 바꿀 수 있는 것은 아니며, 바꿀 수 있는 bit도 항상 효과가 있는 것은 아닙니다. 모든 hot key를 개별 제어할 수도 없고 mask 자체를 지원하지 않는 model도 있어 동작은 model 의존적입니다.
driver는 unmasked hotkey를 filter합니다. firmware가 특정 hotkey를 disable하지 못하게 하더라도 driver는 unmasked hotkey event를 보고하지 않습니다. 일부 key를 unmask하면 기본 동작이 사라집니다. 예를 들어 Fn+F5를 unmask하면 firmware가 더는 그 key만으로 Bluetooth를 enable·disable하지 않습니다.
model과 firmware version에 따라 모든 Fn 조합이 ACPI를 통해 지원되지는 않습니다. 이런 ThinkPad에서는 `CMOS NVRAM`을 초당 최소 10회 polling해 일부 추가 hotkey를 지원할 수 있으며 driver는 필요할 때 자동으로 이 기능을 enable하려고 합니다.
Hot key procfs command
235-255`/proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey`에는 다음 command를 쓸 수 있습니다.
echo 0xffffffff > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- enable all hot keys
echo 0 > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- disable all possible hot keys
... any other 8-hex-digit mask ...
echo reset > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- restore the recommended mask`0xffffffff`는 모든 hot key를 enable하고 `0`은 가능한 모든 hot key를 disable합니다. 다른 8자리 16진 mask도 사용할 수 있으며 `reset`은 권장 mask를 복원합니다.
다음 deprecated command는 kernel warning을 남깁니다.
echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- does nothing
echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey -- returns an error`enable`은 아무 동작도 하지 않고 `disable`은 error를 반환합니다. procfs interface는 NVRAM polling control을 지원하지 않습니다. 최대한의 bug-for-bug compatibility를 유지하기 위해 mask를 전혀 지원하지 않는 firmware에서는 NVRAM polling을 사용 중이어도 mask를 보고하거나 조작하게 하지 않습니다.
Hot key sysfs attribute
256-368| attribute | 동작 |
|---|---|
| hotkey_bios_enabled | deprecated이며 곧 제거됩니다. 항상 `0`을 반환합니다. |
| hotkey_bios_mask | deprecated이며 사용하지 않아야 합니다. module load 당시 mask를 반환하고 unload 때 이 값으로 복원합니다. mask를 지원하지 않던 오래된 firmware의 hotkey bit인 `0x80c`로 항상 고정됩니다. |
| hotkey_enable | deprecated이며 곧 제거됩니다. `0`을 쓰면 `-EPERM`, `1`을 쓰면 아무 동작도 하지 않습니다. |
| hotkey_mask | hot key별 event reporting과 firmware에 따른 ACPI event 생성을 enable하는 bit mask입니다. 현재 상태를 읽고 수정할 수 있습니다. |
| hotkey_all_mask | 모든 지원 hot key의 reporting을 enable할 mask입니다. firmware가 어차피 처리하는 passive event를 정확히 알지 못한다면 쓰지 말고 `hotkey_recommended_mask`를 사용하십시오. |
| hotkey_recommended_mask | firmware가 항상 처리하는 key를 제외한 모든 지원 hot key reporting용 mask이며 `hotkey_mask`에 씁니다. driver 기본 mask입니다. |
| hotkey_source_mask | driver가 NVRAM에서 polling할 hot key를 고릅니다. ACPI firmware capability로 자동 감지하지만 runtime에 override할 수 있습니다. 설정된 key는 `hotkey_mask`에서도 enable된 경우 hotkey event로 보고됩니다. CMOS NVRAM polling으로 얻을 수 있는 key는 일부뿐입니다. |
| hotkey_poll_freq | polling frequency는 `0`부터 `25` Hz이며 엄격히 필요할 때만 polling합니다. `0`은 disable하므로 NVRAM polling이 필요한 key가 보고되지 않습니다. 너무 낮으면 반복 press를 하나로 보고하거나 놓칠 수 있으며 권장값은 `10Hz`입니다. |
| hotkey_radio_sw | hardware radio switch가 있으면 radio disable 위치에서 `0`, enable 위치에서 `1`입니다. `poll()`/`select()`를 지원합니다. |
| hotkey_tablet_mode | tablet capability가 있으면 normal mode에서 `0`, tablet mode에서 `1`입니다. `poll()`/`select()`를 지원합니다. |
| wakeup_reason | bay ejection 요청 때문에 wake-up하면 `1`, undock 요청이면 `2`, normal 또는 알 수 없는 이유면 `0`입니다. `poll()`/`select()`를 지원합니다. |
| wakeup_hotunplug_complete | undock 또는 bay ejection 요청 때문에 깨어났고 요청을 성공적으로 완료했으면 `1`입니다. 사용자가 원하면 이 시점에 다시 sleep시킬 수 있습니다. HKEY event `0x4003`, `0x3003`을 참조하십시오. `poll()`/`select()`를 지원합니다. |
NVRAM mode에서 volume up/down/mute key는 mixer 변화로 합성됩니다. ThinkPad mixer UI에서는 volume up 또는 down 한 번이 unmute도 수행합니다. ACPI event mode에서는 firmware가 이 event를 보고하며 동작은 firmware model뿐 아니라 firmware version과 `OSI(Linux)` 상태에 따라서도 달라질 수 있습니다.
Input layer event와 device 식별
369-400hot key 하나는 input layer `EV_KEY` event 하나로 mapping되며, 뒤에 해당 key scan code를 담은 `EV_MSC` `MSC_SCAN` event가 올 수 있습니다. event block 끝에는 항상 `EV_SYN`을 생성합니다.
key 처리에 `EV_MSC` `MSC_SCAN`을 사용하지 마십시오. 이 event는 key remap 보조용이며 특히 `KEY_UNKNOWN` remap에 유용합니다.
| ID field | 값 |
|---|---|
| Bus | BUS_HOST |
| vendor | 0x1014 (PCI_VENDOR_ID_IBM) 또는 0x17aa (PCI_VENDOR_ID_LENOVO) |
| product | 0x5054 ("TP") |
| version | 0x4101 |
keymap이 backward-compatible하게 바뀌면 version LSB가 증가합니다. 이 input device의 MSB는 항상 `0x41`이어야 합니다. 그렇지 않으면 이 절의 방식으로 device를 사용하지 마십시오. HDAPS 같은 다른 ThinkPad input device이거나 호환되지 않게 기능이 바뀐 device일 수 있습니다.
다른 기능을 위한 event type을 이 input device에 추가하는 것은 backward-compatible 변경으로 간주합니다.
Thinkpad-acpi hot key event map 0x4101
401-541| ACPI event | scan code | key | 설명 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0x1001 | 0x00 | FN+F1 | - |
| 0x1002 | 0x01 | FN+F2 | IBM: battery(드묾), Lenovo: screen lock |
| 0x1003 | 0x02 | FN+F3 | 여러 IBM model은 hot key가 disabled이거나 Fn+F3가 masked여도 항상 보고합니다. IBM: screen lock이며 부수 효과로 ThinkLight를 끄는 경우가 많습니다. Lenovo: battery. |
| 0x1004 | 0x03 | FN+F4 | ACPI sleep button semantics의 sleep-to-RAM key입니다. hot key 또는 ACPI sleep button event 중 하나는 항상 생성됩니다. S3/S4 sleep cycle을 수행하거나 시간이 지날 때까지 firmware가 후속 press를 거부할 수 있습니다. |
| 0x1005 | 0x04 | FN+F5 | radio key입니다. firmware가 제어하면 internal Bluetooth와 W-WAN card를 enable·disable하지만 WLAN에는 영향을 주지 않습니다. 실제로는 Bluetooth+W-WAN+WLAN 전체 radio on/off에 사용해야 합니다. |
| 0x1006 | 0x05 | FN+F6 | - |
| 0x1007 | 0x06 | FN+F7 | video output cycle이며 신뢰성이 model별로 다릅니다. |
| 0x1008 | 0x07 | FN+F8 | IBM: screen expand toggle. Lenovo: UltraNav configuration 또는 screen expand toggle. 2024 platform에서는 `0x131f`, 2025 이후 platform에서는 `0x1401`로 대체됩니다. |
| 0x1009 | 0x08 | FN+F9 | - |
| ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 0x100B | 0x0A | FN+F11 | - |
| 0x100C | 0x0B | FN+F12 | sleep-to-disk입니다. ACPI event나 hotkey event를 통해 userspace가 직접 처리해야 합니다. S3/S4 sleep cycle 또는 일정 시간이 지나기 전까지 firmware가 후속 press를 거부할 수 있습니다. |
| 0x100D | 0x0C | FN+BACKSPACE | - |
| 0x100E | 0x0D | FN+INSERT | - |
| 0x100F | 0x0E | FN+DELETE | - |
| 0x1010 | 0x0F | FN+HOME | brightness up. IBM ThinkPad에서는 unmask해도 firmware가 항상 처리하므로 건드리지 마십시오. 새 BIOS의 Lenovo ThinkPad에서는 ACPI OSI나 userspace가 처리해야 하며 driver가 올바르게 조정합니다. |
| 0x1011 | 0x10 | FN+END | brightness down. brightness up 설명을 따릅니다. |
| 0x1012 | 0x11 | FN+PGUP | ThinkLight toggle. unmask해도 firmware가 항상 처리합니다. |
| 0x1013 | 0x12 | FN+PGDOWN | - |
| 0x1014 | 0x13 | FN+SPACE | zoom key |
| 0x1015 | 0x14 | VOLUME UP | internal mixer volume up. unmask해도 firmware가 항상 처리하지만 Lenovo에서 동작을 바꾸는 것으로 보입니다. |
| 0x1016 | 0x15 | VOLUME DOWN | 원문 표에는 internal mixer volume up이라고 적혀 있습니다. unmask해도 firmware가 항상 처리하지만 Lenovo에서 동작을 바꾸는 것으로 보입니다. |
| 0x1017 | 0x16 | MUTE | internal mixer mute. unmask해도 firmware가 항상 처리합니다. |
| 0x1018 | 0x17 | THINKPAD | ThinkPad/Access IBM/Lenovo key |
| 0x1019 | 0x18 | unknown | - |
| 0x131f | ... | FN+F8 | 2024 system의 Platform Mode change이며 driver에 구현되어 있습니다. |
| 0x1401 | ... | FN+F8 | 2025 이후 system의 Platform Mode change이며 driver에 구현되어 있습니다. |
| ... | ... | ... | ... |
| 0x1020 | 0x1F | unknown | - |
대부분의 hot key는 press와 release를 firmware에서 구분할 수 없습니다. driver는 key press event set을 만든 직후 같은 set으로 key release를 즉시 발행합니다. firmware가 press에서 trigger했는지 release에서 trigger했는지는 driver가 알 수 없지만 둘 중 한쪽에서만 trigger합니다.
`KEY_RESERVED`로 mapping한 key는 input event를 만들지 않습니다. `KEY_UNKNOWN`은 scan code를 포함한 input event를 만들고, 그 밖의 mapping은 input device `EV_KEY` event를 만듭니다.
thinkpad-acpi는 `EV_KEY` 외에도 switch용 `EV_SW` event를 발행할 수 있습니다.
| switch | 의미 |
|---|---|
| SW_RFKILL_ALL | T60 이후 hardware rfkill rocker switch |
| SW_TABLET_MODE | Tablet ThinkPad HKEY event `0x5009`, `0x500A` |
Non-hotkey ACPI HKEY event
542-605driver가 절대 userspace로 전달하지 않는 event입니다.
| event | 의미 |
|---|---|
| 0x2304 | undock을 위해 suspend에서 wake-up |
| 0x2305 | bay eject를 위해 suspend에서 wake-up |
| 0x2404 | undock을 위해 hibernation에서 wake-up |
| 0x2405 | bay eject를 위해 hibernation에서 wake-up |
| 0x5001 | lid closed |
| 0x5002 | lid opened |
| 0x5009 | tablet swivel: tablet mode로 전환 |
| 0x500A | tablet swivel: normal mode로 전환 |
| 0x5010 | brightness level changed/control event |
| 0x6000 | KEYBOARD: Numlock key press |
| 0x6005 | KEYBOARD: Fn key press, 검증 필요 |
| 0x7000 | radio switch state가 바뀌었을 수 있음 |
driver가 userspace로 전달하는 event입니다.
| event | 의미 |
|---|---|
| 0x2313 | ALARM: battery가 거의 비어 suspend에서 wake-up |
| 0x2413 | ALARM: battery가 거의 비어 hibernation에서 wake-up |
| 0x3003 | bay ejection(`0x2x05`) 완료, 다시 sleep 가능 |
| 0x3006 | bay hotplug 요청. optical drive tray eject 때 SATA link power-up hint |
| 0x4003 | undock(`0x2x04`) 완료, 다시 sleep 가능 |
| 0x4010 | hotplug port replicator(non-ACPI dock)에 dock |
| 0x4011 | hotplug port replicator(non-ACPI dock)에서 undock |
| 0x500B | tablet pen을 storage bay에 삽입 |
| 0x500C | tablet pen을 storage bay에서 제거 |
| 0x6011 | ALARM: battery가 너무 뜨거움 |
| 0x6012 | ALARM: battery가 극도로 뜨거움 |
| 0x6021 | ALARM: sensor가 너무 뜨거움 |
| 0x6022 | ALARM: sensor가 극도로 뜨거움 |
| 0x6030 | system thermal table 변경 |
| 0x6032 | Thermal Control command set 완료(DYTC, Windows) |
| 0x6040 | Nvidia Optimus/AC adapter 관련, 검증 필요 |
| 0x60C0 | X1 Yoga 2016 tablet mode status 변경 |
| 0x60F0 | Thermal Transformation 변경(GMTS, Windows) |
battery nearly empty alarm은 전원이 끊기기 전에 OS가 정상적으로 hibernate 또는 shutdown하도록 하는 최후 수단입니다. `0x2313`은 hibernate 또는 shutdown, `0x2413`은 shutdown을 요구합니다. firmware wake-up이 대부분의 safety net을 무효화하므로 반드시 처리해야 합니다.
Lenovo 지침에 따르면 `too hot` alarm이 발생하면 laptop을 suspend 또는 hibernate하고, battery alarm이면 AC adapter도 분리해 식혀야 합니다. 정상 동작에서는 발생하지 않아야 하므로 system에 문제가 있음을 뜻합니다.
`extremely hot` alarm은 emergency입니다. OS는 즉시 suspend, hibernate 또는 shutdown을 강제해야 합니다.
Brightness hotkey 주의 사항
606-619ThinkPad brightness hotkey 동작을 임의로 바꾸지 마십시오. OSD notification이 필요하면 sysfs backlight class event support를 사용하십시오.
userspace가 brightness 변경을 구현해야 하는 경우 driver가 `KEY_BRIGHTNESS_UP`과 `KEY_BRIGHTNESS_DOWN`을 자동으로 발행합니다. 이 event를 override하면 backlight 변경에 명시적 action이 필요한 ThinkPad 또는 반대로 아무 action도 없어야 정상인 ThinkPad 중 한쪽을 잘못 처리하게 됩니다.
Bluetooth control
620-662procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth`, deprecated sysfs device attribute는 `bluetooth_enable`, generic rfkill class switch는 `tpacpi_bluetooth_sw`입니다.
이 기능은 internal ThinkPad CDC slot의 Bluetooth device 존재 여부와 현재 상태를 보여 줍니다. ThinkPad가 지원하면 Bluetooth 상태를 NVRAM에 저장하므로 reboot와 power-off 뒤에도 유지됩니다.
Bluetooth가 설치되어 있으면 procfs에서 다음 command를 사용할 수 있습니다.
echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetooth
echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/bluetoothBluetooth CDC card가 설치되어 있으면 `bluetooth_enable` thinkpad-acpi device attribute에서 enable·disable하고 현재 상태를 조회할 수 있습니다. `0`은 Bluetooth disable 상태이거나 disable command이고, `1`은 enable 상태이거나 enable command입니다.
이 sysfs attribute는 generic rfkill class로 대체되었고 deprecated입니다. 원문은 2010년에 제거할 예정이라고 설명합니다. 자세한 내용은 rfkill controller switch `tpacpi_bluetooth_sw`와 `Documentation/driver-api/rfkill.rst`를 참조하십시오.
Video output control
663-711`/proc/acpi/ibm/video`는 가능한 경우 LCD, CRT, DVI video output device를 제어합니다.
echo lcd_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo lcd_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo crt_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo crt_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo dvi_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo dvi_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo auto_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo auto_disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo expand_toggle > /proc/acpi/ibm/video
echo video_switch > /proc/acpi/ibm/video안전상 이 기능은 `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` capability를 가진 process만 사용할 수 있습니다. 일부 X.org version과 심각하게 충돌해 crash를 일으킬 수 있기 때문입니다.
각 output device를 개별 enable·disable할 수 있고 `/proc/acpi/ibm/video`를 읽으면 상태가 표시됩니다. automatic video switching도 enable·disable할 수 있습니다. enable 상태에서는 lid open, dock, undock 같은 event가 output을 자동으로 바꿉니다. 유용할 수 있지만 flicker를 일으키고 X40에서는 video corruption도 발생하므로 automatic switching을 끄면 이를 피할 수 있습니다.
`video_switch`는 사용 가능한 output을 순환하며 Fn-F7 동작을 흉내 냅니다. video expansion toggle은 full resolution보다 작은 mode를 LCD 전체 화면에 맞게 확대할지 제어합니다. 이 interface로는 현재 expansion 상태를 알아낼 수 없습니다.
많은 model, 특히 Radeon graphics chip을 쓰는 model에서는 X driver가 video card를 설정하는 방식 때문에 Fn-F7이 동작하지 않습니다. 이 driver도 Fn-F7과 같은 ACPI method를 쓰므로 video output switching 기능이 함께 disable됩니다. console에서의 video switching은 계속 동작할 수 있습니다.
ThinkLight control
712-740procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/light`, sysfs는 LED class의 `tpacpi::thinklight` LED attribute를 사용합니다.
procfs에서 ThinkLight 상태를 읽고 설정할 수 있습니다. 상태를 제공하지 않는 일부 model은 `unknown`을 표시합니다.
echo on > /proc/acpi/ibm/light
echo off > /proc/acpi/ibm/lightsysfs interface는 `Documentation/leds/leds-class.rst`의 LED class 문서를 따르며 LED 이름은 `tpacpi::thinklight`입니다. sysfs LED class 한계 때문에 상태를 읽을 수 없거나 알 수 없으면 thinkpad-acpi는 `off`로 보고하며, sysfs가 반환한 상태가 유효한지 알 방법은 없습니다.
CMOS/UCMS control
741-777procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/cmos`, sysfs device attribute는 `cmos_command`입니다. 주로 ACPI firmware가 legacy CMOS NVRAM bit를 현재 machine state와 동기화하고 reboot 뒤에도 설정을 유지하도록 상태를 기록하는 내부 기능입니다.
일부 ThinkPad model에서 command가 실제 action을 수행하지만 newer model일수록 이런 동작은 사라질 것으로 예상됩니다. T43과 X40에서 command `12`, `13`은 실제 ThinkLight를 제어하지만 `0`부터 `2`는 더 이상 mixer를 제어하지 않고 NVRAM만 갱신합니다.
유효한 CMOS command number 범위는 `0`부터 `21`이지만 모든 값이 효과를 내지는 않고 model별로 동작이 다릅니다. X40에서의 동작은 다음과 같으며 `tpb`는 ThinkPad Buttons utility입니다.
| command | X40에서 관련된 동작 |
|---|---|
| 0 | Volume down key press |
| 1 | Volume up key press |
| 2 | Mute on key press |
| 3 | Access IBM key press |
| 4 | LCD brightness up key press |
| 5 | LCD brightness down key press |
| 11 | screen expansion toggle key press/function |
| 12 | ThinkLight on |
| 13 | ThinkLight off |
| 14 | ThinkLight key press, ThinkLight toggle |
newer ThinkPad에서 이 interface는 compatibility layer일 뿐이므로 firmware split-brain 문제가 생기기 쉽습니다. 사용하지 마십시오. debug tool로만 export됩니다.
LED control
778-864procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/led`, sysfs는 아래 이름의 LED class attribute입니다. 일부 LED indicator를 제어할 수 있으며 older ThinkPad에서는 상태 조회도 가능한 경우가 있지만 newer ThinkPad는 실제 상태를 조회할 수 없습니다.
LED 오용은 bus가 활성인데도 사용자가 undock하거나 bay device를 eject하게 만들고, nearly empty 또는 broken battery 같은 중요 alarm을 가릴 수 있으므로 대부분 LED 접근은 제한됩니다.
모든 LED에 제한 없이 접근하려면 `CONFIG_THINKPAD_ACPI_UNSAFE_LEDS`를 enable해 compile해야 합니다. distribution은 절대 이 option을 enable하면 안 됩니다. 결과를 이해하는 individual user만 사용할 수 있습니다.
audio mute와 microphone mute LED도 지원하지만 현재 userspace에는 보이지 않으며 `snd-hda-intel` audio driver가 사용합니다.
procfs command 형식은 다음과 같습니다.
echo '<LED number> on' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led
echo '<LED number> off' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led
echo '<LED number> blink' >/proc/acpi/ibm/led`<LED number>` 범위는 `0`부터 `15`이며 제어 가능한 set은 model별로 다릅니다. 모든 항목은 on, off, blink로 설정할 수 있습니다.
| LED number | 일반적인 ThinkPad mapping |
|---|---|
| 0 | power |
| 1 | battery (orange) |
| 2 | battery (green) |
| 3 | UltraBase/dock |
| 4 | UltraBay |
| 5 | UltraBase battery slot |
| 6 | unknown |
| 7 | standby |
| 8 | dock status 1 |
| 9 | dock status 2 |
| 10, 11 | unknown |
| 12 | thinkvantage |
| 13, 14, 15 | unknown |
sysfs 세부 동작은 `Documentation/leds/leds-class.rst`를 따릅니다. LED ID 0부터 12까지 이름은 순서대로 다음과 같습니다.
"tpacpi::power", "tpacpi:orange:batt", "tpacpi:green:batt",
"tpacpi::dock_active", "tpacpi::bay_active", "tpacpi::dock_batt",
"tpacpi::unknown_led", "tpacpi::standby", "tpacpi::dock_status1",
"tpacpi::dock_status2", "tpacpi::unknown_led2", "tpacpi::unknown_led3",
"tpacpi::thinkvantage".sysfs LED class 한계 때문에 error로 상태를 읽지 못하면 brightness `0`, 즉 LED off로 보고합니다. firmware가 current status read를 지원하지 않으면 마지막으로 attribute에 쓴 brightness를 그대로 반환합니다.
이 LED는 hardware acceleration으로 blink할 수 있습니다. ThinkPad indicator LED의 hardware-accelerated blink를 요청하려면 `timer` trigger를 사용하고 `delay_on`, `delay_off`를 `0`으로 두어 hardware acceleration autodetection을 요청하십시오.
특정 model에 존재하지 않는 것으로 알려진 LED는 sysfs에 만들지 않습니다. dock을 사용하는데 실제 ThinkPad나 dock에 없는 LED가 보이거나 있어야 할 LED가 빠졌다면 `[email protected]`으로 보고해 주십시오.
ACPI sound
865-894`/proc/acpi/ibm/beep`는 ACPI firmware가 여러 상황의 audible alert에 내부적으로 쓰는 `BEEP` method를 수동으로 trigger합니다.
command는 음수가 아닌 정수입니다.
echo <number> >/proc/acpi/ibm/beep유효 범위는 `0`부터 `17`이지만 모든 number가 sound를 내지는 않고 sound도 model별로 다릅니다. X40의 동작은 다음과 같습니다.
| number | X40 sound |
|---|---|
| 0 | 진행 중인 sound 중지. 단 `16`은 `17`로 중지 |
| 2 | beep 두 번, pause, 세 번째 beep("low battery") |
| 3 | single beep |
| 4 | high 뒤 low-pitched beep("unable") |
| 5 | single beep |
| 6 | very high 뒤 high-pitched beep("AC/DC") |
| 7 | high-pitched beep |
| 9 | 짧은 beep 세 번 |
| 10 | 매우 긴 beep |
| 12 | low-pitched beep |
| 15 | high-pitched beep 세 번을 계속 반복, `0`으로 중지 |
| 16 | medium-pitched beep 한 번을 계속 반복, `17`로 중지 |
| 17 | `16` 중지 |
Temperature sensor
895-979procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/thermal`, hwmon `thinkpad`의 sysfs device attribute는 `temp*_input`입니다.
대부분 ThinkPad는 여섯 개 이상의 독립 temperature sensor를 포함하지만 standard ACPI method로는 CPU temperature만 노출합니다. 이 기능은 older ThinkPad에서 최대 8개, newer ThinkPad에서 최대 16개 sensor를 보여 줍니다.
X40의 일반적인 output 예입니다.
temperatures:
42 42 45 41 36 -128 33 -128T43/p의 일반적인 output 예입니다.
temperatures:
48 48 36 52 38 -128 31 -128 48 52 48 -128 -128 -128 -128 -128thermal sensor와 physical location의 mapping은 system-board model, 따라서 ThinkPad model별로 다릅니다.
대부분의 newer model은 다음 pattern을 따르는 것으로 보입니다.
| sensor | 일반적인 위치 |
|---|---|
| 1 | CPU |
| 2 | model에 따라 다름 |
| 3 | model에 따라 다름 |
| 4 | GPU |
| 5 | main battery main sensor |
| 6 | bay battery main sensor |
| 7 | main battery secondary sensor |
| 8 | bay battery secondary sensor |
| 9-15 | model에 따라 다름 |
R51 mapping은 Thomas Gruber가 제공했습니다.
| sensor | R51 위치 |
|---|---|
| 2 | Mini-PCI |
| 3 | internal HDD |
T43, T43/p mapping은 Shmidoax/Thinkwiki.org가 제공했습니다. 원문 참조는 `https://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors#ThinkPad_T43.2C_T43p`입니다.
| sensor | T43/T43p 위치 |
|---|---|
| 2 | system board left side, PCMCIA slot 근처. HDAPS temperature로 보고 |
| 3 | PCMCIA slot |
| 9 | MCH(northbridge) to DRAM Bus |
| 10 | clock-generator, mini-pci card, ICH(southbridge). Mini-PCI card 아래, touchpad 아래 |
| 11 | power regulator. system board underside, F2 key 아래 |
A31은 매우 비전형적인 thermal sensor layout입니다. Milos Popovic가 제공했으며 원문 참조는 `https://thinkwiki.org/wiki/Thermal_Sensors#ThinkPad_A31`입니다.
| sensor | A31 위치 |
|---|---|
| 1 | CPU |
| 2 | main battery main sensor |
| 3 | power converter |
| 4 | bay battery main sensor |
| 5 | MCH(northbridge) |
| 6 | PCMCIA/ambient |
| 7 | main battery secondary sensor |
| 8 | bay battery secondary sensor |
procfs에서 사용할 수 없는 sensor는 `-128`을 반환하며 이 file에는 command를 쓸 수 없습니다.
sysfs에서 사용할 수 없는 sensor는 `ENXIO` error를 반환합니다. battery나 dock 내부 sensor처럼 hotplug 가능한 thermal sensor가 있으므로 이 상태는 runtime에 바뀔 수 있습니다. thinkpad-acpi thermal sensor는 hwmon subsystem으로 보고되며 `Documentation/hwmon`의 모든 guideline을 따릅니다.
Embedded controller register dump
980-1006이 experimental 기능은 더 이상 thinkpad driver에 포함되지 않습니다. 대신 `/sys/kernel/debug/ec`에서 EC에 접근하며 userspace tool은 다음 위치에 있습니다.
일부 model에서 fan speed를 보관하는 register를 찾으려면 battery를 완전히 충전하고 fan이 동작 중인지 확인한 뒤 위 tool로 EC를 읽으십시오.
fan과 temperature 값은 read 사이에 자주 바뀝니다. temperature는 매우 빠르게 변하지 않으므로 짧은 시간에 여러 dump를 얻어 temperature register 후보를 제거할 수 있습니다.
같은 방법으로 다른 EC register 의미도 찾을 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 charging 또는 discharging battery 외에는 아무것도 바뀌지 않게 하고 current battery capacity가 들어 있는 register를 찾습니다. 실험했다면 조건 설명과 complete dump를 포함해 결과를 maintainer에게 보내십시오.
LCD brightness control
1007-1106procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness`, sysfs backlight device는 `thinkpad_screen`입니다. hardware brightness slider가 없는 ThinkPad의 LCD brightness를 software로 제어합니다.
이 interface는 LCD backlight를 실제로 on/off할 수 없고 brightness level만 제어합니다. IBM과 초기 Lenovo ThinkPad는 `0`부터 `7`까지 8단계이며 일부 단계는 서로 구분되지 않을 수 있습니다. standard ACPI display backlight method를 구현한 후기 Lenovo model은 `0`부터 `15`까지 16단계입니다.
| brightness_mode | IBM ThinkPad firmware interface |
|---|---|
| 1 | EC mode |
| 2 | UCMS 또는 CMOS mode |
| 3 | NVRAM backing을 사용하는 EC mode. shutdown/reboot 뒤에도 brightness 변경 유지 |
driver는 model별 default table에서 사용할 interface를 고릅니다. 잘못 선택한다면 table을 고칠 수 있도록 bug로 보고하십시오. Lenovo ThinkPad는 `brightness_mode=2`인 UCMS만 지원합니다.
standard ACPI interface가 display brightness control을 제공하면 이 ThinkPad-specific direct interface보다 standard interface를 사용하는 편이 좋습니다. driver는 standard interface를 감지하면 native backlight interface를 disable합니다.
generic ACPI video backlight 대신 thinkpad-acpi backlight를 사용해야 한다면 kernel parameter `acpi_backlight=vendor`를 사용하십시오. `brightness_enable=0`은 기능을 강제로 disable하고, `brightness_enable=1`은 standard ACPI interface가 있어도 가능할 때 enable합니다.
procfs command는 다음과 같습니다.
echo up >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness
echo down >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightness
echo 'level <level>' >/proc/acpi/ibm/brightnesssysfs interface는 backlight class로 구현됩니다. `/sys/class/backlight` 아래에서 `thinkpad_screen` device를 찾으십시오.
| attribute | 동작 |
|---|---|
| max_brightness | hardware가 설정할 수 있는 maximum brightness를 읽습니다. minimum은 항상 `0`입니다. |
| actual_brightness | 현재 screen에 실제 설정된 brightness를 읽습니다. |
| brightness | write는 지정한 값으로 brightness를 바꾸도록 요청합니다. read는 `power=0`이고 kernel power-management event로 dim되지 않았을 때 driver가 목표로 하는 brightness를 반환합니다. |
| power | `0`은 display on입니다. `1`부터 `3`은 thinkpad-acpi가 backlight를 실제로 끌 수 없으므로 level `0`으로 dim합니다. kernel power-management event가 현재 level을 일시적으로 높여 display를 dim할 수 있습니다. |
경고: thinkpad-acpi backlight-level interface와 Linux ACPI video driver가 제공하는 ACPI-based interface를 동시에 호출하지 마십시오. 두 interface가 충돌해 이상 동작을 일으키고 매 변경마다 level을 불필요하게 올렸다 내리면서 backlight lamp 수명을 줄일 수 있습니다.
ThinkPad Console Audio control
1107-1166procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/volume`이며 ALSA control 이름은 `ThinkPad Console Audio Control`, 기본 ID는 `ThinkPadEC`입니다.
기본적으로 volume interface는 OSD 용도의 read-only mode입니다. `volume_control=1` module parameter로 read/write mode를 enable할 수 있습니다. distribution은 이를 기본 enable하지 말아야 하며 local administrator만 설정해야 합니다.
ThinkPad UI는 console audio control을 volume key로만 수행하고 desktop environment는 OSD feedback만 제공하도록 설계되었습니다. software volume control은 main AC97/HDA mixer에서만 해야 합니다.
ThinkPad에는 console headphone과 speaker를 구동하는 amplifier와 mute circuit이 내장되어 있습니다. audio path에서 main AC97 또는 HDA mixer 뒤에 있으며 firmware가 독점 제어합니다. 이를 위한 special hotkey는 volume up, volume down, mute 세 개입니다.
mute LED가 없는 ThinkPad의 정상 mute 방식은 다음과 같습니다. mute key는 이전 상태와 무관하게 항상 mute하므로 여러 번 눌러도 계속 mute입니다. volume key 어느 쪽이든 한 번 누르면 volume을 바꾸지 않고 unmute만 합니다.
이 설계는 software-only mute toggle보다 확실합니다. 이전 상태와 무관하게 mute를 누르면 소리가 나지 않음을 보장할 수 있습니다.
IBM과 초기 Lenovo ThinkPad는 speaker와 headphone output을 위한 variable-gain amplifier를 가지며 firmware가 OS 도움 없이 volume을 제어합니다. 이 control stage도 main AC97/HDA mixer 뒤에 있습니다.
newer Lenovo model은 firmware mute control만 있고 volume은 OS가 main HDA mixer로 제어합니다. 이 경우 volume key는 unmute press를 위해 filter되고, firmware bug가 일부 있지만 정상 key press로 OS에 전달됩니다. thinkpad-acpi는 이 경로에 관여하지 않습니다.
ThinkPad-ACPI volume interface
1167-1208Console Audio control과 상호작용하는 권장 방법은 ALSA interface입니다.
legacy procfs는 current state를 읽을 수 있고 volume control을 enable한 경우 다음 command를 받습니다.
echo up >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo down >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo mute >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo unmute >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume
echo 'level <level>' >/proc/acpi/ibm/volume`<level>` 범위는 `0`부터 `14`이지만 모두 구분되지는 않을 수 있습니다. mute 뒤 unmute하려면 up, down 또는 unmute command를 사용하십시오. level command는 unmute하지 않습니다.
| volume_capabilities | hardware control |
|---|---|
| 1 | mute와 volume control이 있는 mixer |
| 2 | mute-only control |
driver가 model capability를 잘못 감지하면 `[email protected]`으로 보고해 table을 갱신할 수 있게 하십시오.
| volume_mode | 전략 |
|---|---|
| 1 | EC mode |
| 3 | NVRAM backing을 사용하는 EC mode. shutdown/reboot 뒤 volume·mute 변경 유지 |
기본값은 `volume_mode=3`입니다. model에서 잘 동작하지 않으면 보고하십시오. driver는 standard ALSA module parameter를 지원하며 ALSA mixer를 disable하면 모든 volume 기능도 disable합니다.
Fan level과 safety watchdog
1209-1287procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/fan`, hwmon `thinkpad` sysfs device attribute는 `fan1_input`, `pwm1`, `pwm1_enable`, `fan2_input`, hwmon driver attribute는 `fan_watchdog`입니다.
안전을 위해 fan control operation은 기본 disabled입니다. thinkpad-acpi에 `fan_control=1` module parameter를 제공해야 enable됩니다.
이 기능은 current fan speed, control mode와 가능한 fan data를 보여 줍니다. speed는 EC hardware register에서 직접 읽습니다. 후기 R, T, X, Z series에서는 동작한다고 알려졌지만 다른 model에서는 잘못된 값을 보일 수 있습니다. 일부 Lenovo ThinkPad의 secondary fan은 main fan control을 공유하므로 별도로 제어할 수 없습니다.
대부분 ThinkPad fan firmware interface는 level을 사용합니다. `0`은 stop이며 level이 높을수록 보통 speed가 높지만 인접 level이 같은 speed일 수 있습니다. `7`은 권장 maximum speed입니다. `auto`에서는 EC가 주로 thermal sensor read에 기반한 내부 algorithm으로 level을 바꿉니다.
`full-speed`, 즉 `disengaged` level은 EC의 speed-locked closed-loop control을 끄고 fan을 가능한 한 빠르게 구동합니다. hardware limit을 넘을 수 있으므로 주의해서 사용하십시오.
fan은 speed 사이를 천천히 ramp하며 EC가 command에 반응하는 데 몇 초 걸리는 것이 정상입니다. full-speed는 maximum까지 최대 2분이 걸릴 수 있고 일부 model에서는 전환 중 tachometer reading이 stale 상태가 됩니다.
경고: 모든 temperature sensor를 monitoring하고 overheating 방지를 위해 필요할 때 즉시 enable할 준비가 되어 있지 않다면 fan을 disabled 상태로 두지 마십시오.
`auto`의 enabled fan은 EC가 충분히 차갑다고 판단하면 멈출 수 있으며 정상입니다. thermal reading이 오르면 다시 회전합니다. X40에서는 CPU가 56도 또는 HDD가 46도에 도달하면 켜지고 CPU 49도 및 HDD 41도로 내려가면 꺼지는 것으로 보입니다. 현재 threshold를 제어할 수 없습니다.
ThinkPad ACPI DSDT code는 특정 조건에서 fan을 자체 재설정하며 thinkpad-acpi 설정을 override합니다.
fan safety watchdog은 userspace가 `enable`, `disable`, `level`, `watchdog` procfs command를 보내지 않거나, `pwm1_enable`에 write하지 않거나, manual mode에서 `pwm1` write가 없으면 최대 120초의 configurable timeout 뒤 safe level로 되돌릴 수 있습니다.
watchdog timer는 fan을 enable한 뒤 멈추고 위 command를 받으면 같은 interval로 자동 rearm됩니다. 따라서 procfs fan command나 hwmon sysfs interface 외의 수단으로 바꾼 fan mode를 보호하는 용도로는 적합하지 않습니다.
Fan procfs command
1288-1326fan을 enable·disable하는 command입니다.
echo enable >/proc/acpi/ibm/fan
echo disable >/proc/acpi/ibm/fanfan level `0`은 disable과 같습니다. enable은 fan이 너무 느리거나 disabled이면 safe level로 두려고 합니다.
echo 'level <level>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fan`<level>`은 `0`부터 `7`, `auto`, `full-speed` 중 하나입니다. 모든 ThinkPad가 `auto`와 `full-speed`를 지원하지는 않습니다. driver는 `disengaged`를 `full-speed` alias로 받고 backward compatibility를 위해 `disengaged`로 보고합니다.
X31과 X40에서만 running fan speed를 어느 정도 빠르거나 느리게 강제할 수 있습니다.
echo 'speed <speed>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fanX40의 지속 가능한 범위는 약 `3700`부터 `7350`입니다. 범위 밖 값은 효과가 없거나 결국 범위 안 speed에 머뭅니다. 이 command로 fan을 start·stop할 수 없습니다. 기능은 불완전하며 sysfs에서는 제공하지 않습니다.
safety watchdog 설정 command입니다. interval `0`은 disable합니다.
echo 'watchdog <interval in seconds>' > /proc/acpi/ibm/fanFan hwmon sysfs attribute
1327-1380sysfs는 fan safety watchdog 예외를 제외하면 hwmon subsystem guideline을 따릅니다. 지원되지 않는 operation 또는 범위를 벗어난 parameter는 `EINVAL`, 금지된 operation은 `EPERM`, interrupted system call은 `EINTR`, firmware communication I/O error는 `EIO`를 반환할 수 있습니다. 미구현 기능은 `ENOSYS`입니다.
| pwm1_enable | mode |
|---|---|
| 0 | PWM offline, fan을 full-speed mode로 설정 |
| 1 | manual PWM control. `pwm1`로 fan level 설정 |
| 2 | hardware PWM control, EC "auto" mode |
| 3 | reserved. software PWM control은 아직 미구현 |
mode `0`, `2`는 모든 ThinkPad가 지원하지 않으며 driver가 항상 감지할 수 있는 것도 아닙니다. unsupported임을 알면 `-EINVAL`을 반환합니다.
| attribute | 동작 |
|---|---|
| pwm1 | firmware level `0-7`을 hwmon scale `0-255`로 변환합니다. `0`은 fan stop, `255`는 normal 최고 speed(level 7)입니다. `pwm1_enable=1`일 때만 fan에 command합니다. 원문에는 한 곳에 `pmw1_enable` typo가 있습니다. |
| fan1_input | fan tachometer RPM입니다. EC가 PWM offline으로 전환하는 최대 2분 동안 stale일 수 있고 older ThinkPad에서는 잘못된 값일 수 있습니다. |
| fan2_input | secondary fan tachometer RPM입니다. 일부 ThinkPad에만 있고 fan이 설치되지 않으면 항상 `0`입니다. |
| fan_watchdog | fan safety watchdog interval(초)입니다. minimum `1`, maximum `120`, `0`은 disable입니다. |
fan을 멈추려면 `pwm1=0`, `pwm1_enable=1`로 설정하십시오. safe mode로 시작하려면 `pwm1_enable=2`를 설정합니다. `EINVAL`이면 `pwm1_enable=1`과 `pwm1>=128`을 시도하십시오. `255`가 가장 안전합니다.
Wireless WAN control
1381-1425procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/wan`, deprecated sysfs device attribute는 `wwan_enable`, rfkill class switch는 `tpacpi_wwan_sw`입니다. built-in Wireless WAN device의 존재와 current state를 표시합니다.
ThinkPad가 지원하면 WWAN state를 NVRAM에 저장해 reboot와 power-off 뒤에도 유지합니다. Lenovo ThinkPad X60에서 test했으며 module이 설치된 다른 model에서도 동작할 것으로 예상됩니다.
W-WAN card가 설치되어 있으면 다음 procfs command를 사용할 수 있습니다.
echo enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/wan
echo disable > /proc/acpi/ibm/wan`wwan_enable`에서 card를 enable·disable하고 current status를 조회할 수 있습니다. `0`은 disable 상태 또는 disable command, `1`은 enable 상태 또는 enable command입니다.
이 interface는 generic rfkill class로 대체되어 deprecated이며 원문은 2010년에 제거할 예정이라고 설명합니다. `tpacpi_wwan_sw` 세부 사항은 `Documentation/driver-api/rfkill.rst`를 참조하십시오.
LCD Shadow PrivacyGuard
1426-1447procfs는 `/proc/acpi/ibm/lcdshadow`입니다. 일부 newer T480s와 T490s의 PrivacyGuard는 display 앞에 privacy screen을 붙인 것처럼 LCD의 usable vertical·horizontal viewing angle을 제한합니다.
echo '0' >/proc/acpi/ibm/lcdshadow
echo '1' >/proc/acpi/ibm/lcdshadow첫 command `0`은 가장 넓은 viewing angle을 보장하고, 두 번째 command `1`은 기능을 enable해 viewing angle을 제한합니다.
DYTC Lapmode sensor
1448-1461read-only sysfs property는 `dytc_lapmode`입니다. newer ThinkPad와 mobile workstation은 device가 desk mode인지 lap mode인지 판단할 수 있습니다.
userspace는 이 값을 이용해 WWAN transmit power를 maximum으로 올려도 되는지 판단하며, desk와 lap mode에서 서로 다른 thermal mode를 이해하는 데도 사용합니다.
platform이 지원하지 않으면 sysfs class를 만들지 않습니다.
Experimental UWB rfkill
1462-1481이 기능은 여러 ThinkPad model에서 충분히 test·validate되지 않아 experimental입니다. 예상대로 동작하지 않을 수 있으므로 주의해서 사용하십시오. module load 때 `experimental=1` parameter를 제공해야 합니다.
BIOS에서 UWB device가 존재하고 enable되어 있으면 rfkill controller `tpacpi_uwb_sw`를 export합니다. 자세한 내용은 `Documentation/driver-api/rfkill.rst`를 참조하십시오.
Keyboard language 설정
1482-1503sysfs attribute `keyboard_lang`은 ASL interface로 ECFW의 keyboard language를 설정합니다. T580, T590, T15 Gen 1 등 일부 model에서 `=`, `(`, `)` numeric key가 English 이외 language일 때 올바르게 표시되지 않는 이유는 ECFW 기본 language가 English이기 때문입니다. 이 sysfs로 올바른 language를 설정하면 key가 정상 동작합니다.
Japanese layout 설정 예입니다.
echo jp > /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/keyboard_lang| sysfs text | keyboard layout |
|---|---|
| be | Belgian |
| cz | Czech |
| da | Danish |
| de | German |
| en | English |
| es | Spain |
| et | Estonian |
| fr | French |
| fr-ch | French (Switzerland) |
| hu | Hungarian |
| it | Italy |
| jp | Japan |
| nl | Dutch |
| nn | Norway |
| pl | Polish |
| pt | Portuguese |
| sl | Slovenian |
| sv | Sweden |
| tr | Turkey |
WWAN antenna type
1504-1523read-only sysfs property는 `wwan_antenna_type`입니다. 일부 newer ThinkPad는 FCC certification 요구에 따라 antenna type별 SAR value를 설정해야 합니다. userspace가 antenna type을 읽고 해당 SAR value를 설정하는 데 이 interface를 사용합니다.
cat /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/wwan_antenna_type현재 지원하는 antenna는 `type a`, `type b` 두 가지입니다. platform이 지원하지 않으면 sysfs class를 만들지 않습니다.
MAC Address Pass-through
1524-1542read-only sysfs property는 `auxmac`입니다. 일부 newer ThinkPad의 MAC Address Pass-through는 system firmware가 system-unique MAC을 제공해 network 연결 시 dock 또는 USB Ethernet dongle MAC을 override하게 합니다.
userspace는 이 property로 기능이 enable된 경우 auxiliary MAC을 쉽게 확인할 수 있습니다.
cat /sys/devices/platform/thinkpad_acpi/auxmac기능이 disabled이면 값은 `disabled`입니다.
Adaptive keyboard mode
1543-1561sysfs device attribute `adaptive_kbd_mode`는 Lenovo X1 Carbon 2nd gen(2014) adaptive keyboard에 표시할 keyboard face를 제어합니다. 값을 읽고 설정할 수 있습니다.
| value | mode |
|---|---|
| 0 | Home mode |
| 1 | Web-browser mode |
| 2 | Web-conference mode |
| 3 | Function mode |
| 4 | Layflat mode |
mode별 표시 button은 laptop user guide를 참조하십시오.
Battery charge threshold
1562-1578지원되는 battery에는 `/sys/class/power_supply/BAT*/charge_control_{start,end}_threshold` 두 sysfs attribute가 생성됩니다. 둘 다 읽고 설정할 수 있습니다.
| attribute | range·semantics |
|---|---|
| charge_control_start_threshold | `0`부터 `99` inclusive인 battery percentage입니다. battery level이 이 값 아래로 내려가면 charging을 시작합니다. |
| charge_control_end_threshold | `1`부터 `100` inclusive인 battery percentage입니다. battery level이 이 값을 넘으면 charging을 멈춥니다. |
정확한 semantics는 `Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-class-power`를 참조하십시오.
Multiple command와 module parameter
1579-1593proc file에는 comma로 구분한 여러 command를 한 번에 쓸 수 있습니다.
echo enable,0xffff > /proc/acpi/ibm/hotkey
echo lcd_disable,crt_enable > /proc/acpi/ibm/videothinkpad-acpi module load 때도 command를 지정할 수 있습니다.
modprobe thinkpad_acpi hotkey=enable,0xffff video=auto_disableDebug output
1594-1627`debug` module parameter bitmask로 debugging output class를 선택적으로 enable합니다. 다음 예는 모든 class를 enable합니다.
modprobe thinkpad_acpi debug=0xffff여러 class를 enable하려면 bitmask 값을 더합니다.
| debug bitmask | 설명 |
|---|---|
| 0x8000 | 일부 driver function에 접근한 userspace program PID 공개 |
| 0x0001 | initialization과 probing |
| 0x0002 | removal |
| 0x0004 | RF transmitter control(RFKILL): Bluetooth, WWAN, UWB 등 |
| 0x0008 | HKEY event interface와 hotkey |
| 0x0010 | fan control |
| 0x0020 | backlight brightness |
| 0x0040 | audio mixer/volume control |
driver 문제 debug에 더 많은 정보가 필요하면 kernel build option도 사용할 수 있습니다. runtime에는 sysfs driver attribute `debug_level`에 같은 bitmask를 써서 output level을 바꿀 수 있습니다.
Module 강제 load
1628-1635thinkpad-acpi가 ThinkPad 감지를 거부하면 module parameter `force_load=1`을 시도할 수 있습니다. 성공 여부와 관계없이 `[email protected]`으로 보고하십시오.
Sysfs interface changelog
1636-1691| interface version | 변경 |
|---|---|
| 0x000100 | single platform driver와 device로 initial sysfs support |
| 0x000200 | 32개 hot key와 radio slider switch 지원 |
| 0x010000 | hot key를 기본적으로 input layer에서 처리하고 radio switch가 `EV_RADIO` input event를 생성합니다. driver는 firmware hot key handling을 기본 enable합니다. |
| 0x020000 | ABI fix. name `thinkpad`와 hwmon class로 찾아야 하는 별도 hwmon platform device·driver를 추가해 libsensors4(lm-sensors 3) compatibility를 제공하고 모든 hwmon attribute를 새 device로 이동했습니다. |
| 0x020100 | hot key NVRAM polling support marker입니다. 꼭 필요할 때 userspace NVRAM poller를 시작하지 않아야 함을 판별하는 데 씁니다. user가 불필요하거나 원하지 않아 NVRAM을 compile-out한 경우도 구분할 수 있습니다. |
| 0x020101 | hot key NVRAM polling과 올바른 `hotkey_mask` semantics marker(NVRAM polling patch version 8)입니다. 0.18 일부 development snapshot은 `hotkey_mask`에 비정상 동작을 하는 earlier version을 포함했습니다. |
| 0x020200 | `hotkey_radio_sw`, `wakeup_hotunplug_complete`, `wakeup_reason`에 `poll()`/`select()` 지원 추가 |
| 0x020300 | hotkey enable/disable 지원 제거. `hotkey_bios_enabled`, `hotkey_enable` deprecated 및 제거 예정 표시 |
| 0x020400 | 16 LED 지원 marker. model에 존재하지 않는 것으로 알려진 LED는 더 이상 LED sysfs class에 등록하지 않음 |
| 0x020500 | hotkey driver 갱신. `hotkey_mask`가 항상 있고 언제나 hot key를 disable할 수 있습니다. very old ThinkPad를 올바르게 지원하며 `hotkey_bios_mask`는 deprecated 및 제거 예정입니다. |
| 0x020600 | backlight change event support marker |
| 0x020700 | mute-only mixer 지원, volume control 기본 read-only mode, ALSA mixer support marker |
| 0x030000 | thermal·fan sysfs attribute를 backing platform device에서 hwmon device로 이동 |
Driver와 interface
thinkpad-acpi.rst:1-182driver 역사, 지원 기능, procfs·sysfs 위치와 interface version을 설명합니다.